Endocrine Abstracts

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Models of estrogen insufficiency have revealed new and unexpected roles for estrogens in both males and females. These models include knockouts of aromatase in mice (the ArKO mouse) as well as of the estrogen receptors (ERKO mice). There are also a number of individuals with natural mutations in the aromatase gene, as well as one man with a mutation in the ERa receptor. Some of these roles of estrogens apply equally to males and females and do not relate to reproduction, for e...

Mammalian genome sequencing has driven the development of new -omic technologies that are capable of defining the genes, proteins and biological pathways that mediate cellular responses to endogenous and exogenous stimuli. We have used transcript profiling, which allows the expression levels of thousands of genes to be measured simultaneously, to define the molecular mechanism of 17beta-estradiol (E2) signalling in vivo, using the rodent uterotrophic assay as a model experimen...

An increasing body of evidence demonstrates that growth factor networks are highly interactive with oestrogen receptor (ER) signalling in the pathogenesis of a number of common cancer types, including breast cancer. Thus several growth factor-induced protein kinases are able to target and phosphorylate key regulatory sites within the ER and its co-activating proteins, a process that enables the activity of the ER as a nuclear transcription factor. It is believed that when aber...