Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) is a type of secondary hypogonadism. Congenital forms are distinguished, including Kallman's syndrome and Idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH), along with acquired forms. The incidence of HH in men is 1:10,000.Case report: A 34-year-old male patient was hospitalized at our department in August 2023 due to primary infertility and sexual dysfunction (SD). The patient was referred to our cli...

Background: A general finding among previous illicit androgen male users is persistently lower serum testosterone than nonusers and may be caused by reduced pituitary luteinising hormone (LH) secretion. However, the functional capacity of the testes and pituitary remains to be assessed after androgen use. We compared pituitary-testis-axis capacity in previous illicit androgen users and nonusers.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study including men ...

Introduction: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are often dissatisfied with the assessment and management of the condition. We aimed to understand the variations in the assessment and education of PCOS during initial consultations.Methods: This retrospective multinational study was conducted across Europe and India. All women aged above 18 who had their initial consultation in PCOS clinics between 2020 and 2023 were included. Those without PCOS...

Introduction: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is defined by the presence of hepatic steatosis and metabolic risk factors. Both testosterone and estradiol play pivotal roles in hepatic lipid homeostasis, though the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Low serum testosterone levels are independently associated with MASLD. However, no studies have previously evaluated the prevalence and severity of MASLD in hypogonadal men. <p class="abstext"...

Introduction: Gynecomastia is defined as the benign proliferation of breast tissue in men. Although common, only a small portion of patients seek treatment, either for cosmetic reasons, pain, or tenderness. Tamoxifen has been proposed as an alternative to surgical treatment. Methods : We conducted a retrospective study including all patients referred to our Endocrinology Department between January 2020 and April 2024 due to gynecomastia. Secondary causes...

SLDP is where the onset of puberty is more than 2-2.5 standard deviations later than the population mean age and is often familial with strong genetic determinants. The reproductive axis is regulated by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which plays a crucial role in initiating puberty and maintaining fertility through its pulsatile secretion. Disruption in GnRH neuron development or hypothalamic function can lead to DP. UK Biobank data has identified negative health outco...

Introduction: Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) people experience a gender identity which is different from the sex assigned at birth. Some transgender men (TM) can ask for testosterone to induce virilization and its effects on bone health are still to be fully elucidated. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the changes on bone metabolism in a short-term period among TM starting testosterone. Methods: A systematic searc...

Introduction: Tumors in adolescents and young adults are on the rise, and the number of young cancer patients undergoing chronic treatment with targeted therapy is growing. Although much is known about the toxicity of conventional anti-cancer therapies, evidence on tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) effects on fertility is still lacking. This systematic review was undertaken to evaluate the effects of TKIs on male gonadal function to provide adequate counseling to patients underg...

Introduction: Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea is one of the most common causes of secondary amenorrhea (20–35%) and 3% of primary amenorrhea. FHA can be weight loss-related, stress-related and exercise-related. It results from abnormal GnRH secretion, leading to impairment of gonadotropins and hypoestrogenism.Case presentation: A 47 year-old female presents for an endocrine evaluation regarding hormone function after 2 years of amenorrhea. She al...

Background: Serum testosterone (T) levels may fall at different stages of sexual development in Klinefelter syndrome (KS), whereas overt hypogonadism typically arises after puberty. Nevertheless, normal mini-puberty and puberty are still debated in KS subjects. Anogenital distance (AGD) is an anthropometric parameter under the influence of early life and childhood androgen exposure. Genital anomalies, testicular cancer and oligospermia have been associated with a shorter AGD i...