Fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules

Ameni Amri; Safa Nefzaoui; Imen Zoghlami; Dorra Chiboub; Nadia Romdhane; Ines Hariga; Chiraz Mbarek

doi:10.1530/endoabs.101.PS3-22-02

PS3-22-02

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Endocrine Abstracts (2024) 101 PS3-22-02 | DOI: 10.1530/endoabs.101.PS3-22-02

ETA2024 Poster Presentations Diagnosis of thyroid cancer-2 (11 abstracts)

Fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules

Ameni Amri ¹ , Safa Nefzaoui ² , Imen Zoghlami ² , Dorra Chiboub ² , Nadia Romdhane ² , Ines Hariga ² & Chiraz Mbarek ²

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¹Salah Azaiez Institute, Ent, Carcinologic Head & Neck Surgery, Tunisia; ²Habib Thameur Hospital, Ears Nose and Throat, Tunisia

Introduction: Thyroid nodules are a frequent and mostly benign pathology. Failure to recognize a cancer remains a major concern for any physician confronted with this pathology. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is the key to diagnosis. The aim of our study was to describe the results of cytological examination in determining the histological nature of thyroid nodules.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, retrospective, and descriptive study, spread over a 5-year period from January 2016 to December 2020.

Results: The median age of the 200 patients was 46 years. Female predominance was evident, with a sex ratio of 0.09. All our patients underwent FNAC followed by surgical excision. FNAC was non diagnostic in 8 cases (4%) and benign in 53 cases (20.50%). It revealed atypia of undetermined significance in 33 cases (16%), a follicular neoplasm in 45 cases (21.50%) and a malignant suspicion in 47 cases (22.50%). FNAC was malignant in 22 cases (10.5%). Pathological examination showed malignancy in 115 cases. FNAC has an overall sensitivity of 84% and a specificity of 71.6% in predicting thyroid nodules diagnosis.

Conclusion: Combining clinical and ultrasonographic criteria with cytological results improves the sensitivity of thyroid carcinoma screening.