ETA2024 Poster Presentations Pregnancy (10 abstracts)
Maternal urinary iodine concentration and thyroid function in the offspring: preliminary results of an italian multicenter study
Simona De Angelis 1 , Daniela Rotondi 2 , Marcello Bagnasco 3 , Francesco Boi 4 , Daniela Bonofiglio 5 , Stefano Mariotti 6 , Caterina Mian 7 , Mariacarla Moleti 8 , Maria Laura Tanda 9 , Massimo Tonacchera 10 , Francesco Vermiglio 11 , Salvatore Ulisse 12 , Emanuela Medda 13 , Francesca Manzella La Barbera 14 , Simona Censi 15 , Eleonora Ferrarini 10 , Giampiero Russo 16 , Stefania Sanna 4 , Cristian Petolicchio 17 & Antonella Olivieri 18
1Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Italian National Institute of Health, Malattie Cardiovascolari, Endocrino-Metaboliche e Invecchiamento, Roma, Italy; 2Italian National Institute of Health, Italy; 3University of Genoa, University of Genova, O.U. Endocrinology, Department OD Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities (Dimi), Genova, Italy, University of Genova, Genova, Genova, Italy; 4University of Cagliari, Italy; 5University of Calabria, Cosenza, Italy; 6Department of Med Sci and Public Health, Complesso Univ Monserrato, Monserrato -Cagliari, Italy; 7Operative Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine (Dimed), Endocrinology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Department of Medicine, Padova, Italy; 8University of Messina, Italy; 9University of Insubria, Endocrine Unit; Dep.t of Medicine and Surgery, Aou Sette Laghi -Endocrinologia, Via, Varese, Italy; 10University of Pisa, Italy; 11Ordinario di Endocrinologia, Aou Policlinico Gaetano Martino, Messina, Italy; 12University La Sapienza, Rome, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Department of Surgery, Roma, Italy; 13Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy; 14University of Insubria, Varese, Italy; 15Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (Dimed), University of Padua, Padua, Italy; 16Asp, Cosenza, Italy; 17University of Genoa, Italy; 18Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Italian National Institute of Health, Dep. of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases an Aging, Roma, Italy
Background and objectives: In the period 2022-2023, a multicentre study coordinated by the Italian National Observatory for Monitoring Iodine Prophylaxis (OSNAMI), was launched in 8 Italian regions representative of the Northern (Lombardy, Veneto, Liguria), Central (Tuscany, Lazio) and Southern Italy and Islands (Sicily, Calabria, Sardinia) with the aim of evaluating iodine nutrition in pregnant women (n = 400/region) and thyroid function in the offspring. Here we present results of a preliminary analysis conducted in 2,473 pregnant women and concerning the use of iodized salt (IS) and/or iodine-containing supplements (ICS) during pregnancy, urinary iodine concentration (UIC) at the 3rd trimester, and neonatal TSH in the offspring.
Subjects and Methods: Pregnant women were recruited at the last visit before delivery (n = 1242 Northern, n = 262 Central, n = 969 Southern Italy-Islands). Women with thyroid diseases were excluded from the study. A questionnaire was administered to collect information on the use of IS and/or ICS. A morning spot urinary samples was also collected for the measurement of UIC. In the offspring, data on TSH in at term newborns (>=37w) were obtained thanks to a mandatory nationwide newborn screening program for congenital hypothyroidism active in Italy.
Results: We found that 70% of the recruited women used IS. Among the IS users, 88% were using IS since at least 2 years. Specifically, 25% of the pregnant women used IS-only, 44% IS+ICS, 18% ICS-only, and 12% NO-IS/NO-ICS. Overall, a median UIC of 101 μg/l (Q1=61, Q3=166) was found. According to the use of IS and/or ICS, the median UIC was significantly higher in IS+ICS group (118 μg/l) than in ICS-only (108 μg/l), IS-only (84 μg/l), and NO-IS/NO-ICS (77 μg/l) groups (P < 0.001). The median value of neonatal TSH was significantly higher in IS+ICS and NO-IS/NO-ICS groups (both 2.2 mIU/l), than in ICS-only (1.8 mIU/l) and IS-only (1.9 mIU/l) groups (P < 0.01).
Conclusions: These preliminary data show that the use of IS+ICS during pregnancy significantly increases UIC, although pregnant women are still iodine deficient in our country. Our data also suggest that the contemporary use of IS and ICS during pregnancy is associated with higher neonatal TSH values in comparison with the use of IS or ICS alone. Further studies are needed to verify this association and to better understand relationships among iodine intake during pregnancy, maternal UIC, and neonatal TSH.
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Endocrine Abstracts
ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
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