Endocrine Abstracts

Objectives: Any condition involving increased follicular cell mass may raise serum thyroglobulin levels. However, we occasionally encounter patients with markedly elevated preoperative thyroglobulin levels, indicating thyroid cancer with substantial metastatic burden. We aimed to investigate the clinical significance of markedly elevated preoperative serum thyroglobulin levels.Methods: From 2019 to 2021, we analyzed patients underwent thyroid surgery for...

Objectives: Thyroid nodules in patients ≤18 years are less frequent than in adults, however several studies showed a higher rate of malignancy. The aim of the present study is to analyze the ultrasound (US) features of nodules in patients ≤18 years and to test the ability of the main US risk stratification system (RSS) in identifying malignancy. Moreover, we also evaluated the potential correlation between the results of US RSS and cytology.M...

Objective: The prevalence of Thyroid-Cancer (TC) has increased worldwide and an association with metabolic and cardio-vascular disorders has been reported. Nevertheless, an increasing percentage of patients are currently diagnosed incidentally through non-thyroid related imaging for other clinical conditions. Our aim was to assess the prevalence of Thyroid-Related (TD) vs Incidental (ID) reason leading to TC diagnosis and to compare the two groups in terms of clinical...

Introduction: Most differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC) have a good response to treatment. However, about 5% of DTC exhibit resistance to radioiodine (RAI), thus having a poor prognosis. Resistance to RAI occurs as a result of losing thyroid differentiation. Immunohistochemical analysis of thyroid cancers shows a substantial ability to predict cancer recurrence and its resistance to RAI.Case reports: The first case is a of a 66-year-old female, known wit...

Objectives: Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNA) is the preferred preoperative pathological diagnostic method for thyroid nodules. Processing methods for FNA samples mainly include conventional smear (CS) and liquid-based preparation (LBP). There is still debate as to which method or their combination is better. This study aims to compare the diagnostic accuracy of the two methods and their combined usage.Methods: We included thyroid cytopathology data fr...

Background: In 2018 we presented the first version (v1) of our microRNA-based algorithm for indeterminate thyroid nodules classification (mir-THYpe full), which was used in real-world clinical routine until recently, when an new optimized version (v2) was released using new machine learning techniques and combinating microRNA and DNA data.Objective: Our aim was to simulate and analyze what the performance of v2 algorithm would have been, if it had been u...

Background: Thyroid nodules are prevalent in up to 60% of the adult population, occurring in a ratio of 4:1 woman/man. Using fine needle aspiration, approximately 25-30% of cases are categorized as "indeterminate": Bethesda 3 (B3) or Bethesda 4 (B4). In these cases, molecular tests, such as mir-THYpe full, can assist in diagnosis and prognosis, utilizing microRNA profiling and DNA analysis of mutations including BRAF V600E, pTERT C228T/C250T, RET M918T, C634Y/R, and V8...

Objective: Molecular test (MT) of cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules (ITNs) needs to be appropriately focused on clinical situations where it can influence decision making. We therefore evaluated MT as an adjunct to an optimized integrated interdisciplinary thyroid nodule diagnostic pathway.Methods: 1024 consecutive ITNs were included, each underwent reflexive ThyroSPEC MT between July 30, 2020, and October 30, 2023. A multivariate regression mo...

Objective: This study aims to assess and suggest improvements to the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS), incorporating both classical ultrasound (US) features and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) patterns, to refine malignancy risk categorization in thyroid nodules.Methods: In this study, 250 solid thyroid nodules, all subsequently confirmed by thyroidectomy and pathology, were evaluated using European TI-RADS guidelines and qualitati...

Objectives: Fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology of highly prevalent thyroid nodules results in an indeterminate cytopathologic diagnosis in approximately 20% of cases. To better triage patients for diagnostic vs definitive thyroid surgery or to avoid diagnostic surgery, low-cost gene panels can be used as a rule-in molecular test. However, there remains a need to pre-surgically diagnose indeterminate thyroid nodules where somatic mutations are not identified. The ex...