ECE2024 Poster Presentations Adrenal and Cardiovascular Endocrinology (95 abstracts)
Impact of environmental pollution on adrenocortical carcinoma in Italy
Soraya Puglisi 1 , Anna Calabrese 1 , Francesco Ferraù 2 , Ylenia Alessi 2 , Marta Laganà 3 , Salvatore Grisanti 3 , Filippo Ceccato 4 , Carla Scaroni 4 , Guido Di Dalmazi 5,6 , Antonio Stigliano 7 , Barbara Altieri 8 , Letizia Canu 9 , Michaela Luconi 9 , Paola Loli 10 , Maria Cristina DeMartino 11 , Emanuela Arvat 12 , Serena Palmieri 13 , Paola Perotti 1 , Vittoria Basile 1 , Paola Berchialla 14 , Alfredo Berruti 3 , Anna Pia 1 , Giuseppe Reimondo 1 , Salvatore Cannavò 2 & Massimo Terzolo 1
1Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, San Luigi Hospital, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy; 2Endocrine Unit of University Hospital of Messina, University of Messina, Messina, Italy; 3Oncology Unit, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; 4Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University-Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy; 5Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care Unit, IRCCS, University Hospital of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; 6Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; 7Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant’Andrea University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; 8Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University-Hospital Gemelli, IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; 9Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; 10Endocrinology, Clinica Polispecialistica San Carlo, Milan, Italy; 11Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; 12Oncological Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 13Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; 14Statistical Unit, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
Background: Whether environmental pollution may influence adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) development remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of exposition to environmental pollutants on ACC presentation and prognosis in Italy.
Patients and methods: A retrospective analysis was done on 500 patients affected by ACC, who were diagnosed in 12 reference centers in Italy from 1990 to 2018 and followed-up for a median of 37.5 months (interquartile range, IQR, 11-83). Patients were stratified according to: i) residence in Sites of National Interest (SIN) which are areas with contaminated soil and water, classified as dangerous by the Italian Ministry of Environment and in need of remediation; ii) residence in areas with different degrees of urbanisation, considered as index of exposure to air pollution.
Results: At diagnosis, 50 (10%) patients were resident in SIN (Res-SIN) and 450 (90%) patients were not (Not-SIN). The two groups had similar characteristics in terms of age, ENSAT stage, tumor size, Weiss score and Ki67%. However, incidental diagnosis of ACC was more frequent in Not-SIN patients than in Res-SIN patients (40.0% vs 19.6%; P=0.011). Res-SIN patients showed shorter recurrence-free survival (RFS) than Not-SIN patients (21 months vs 41 months; P=0.027). In multivariate analysis, residence in SIN was an independent negative prognostic factor for RFS (HR 1.82, 95%CI 1.10–3.03; P=0.021). Overall survival (OS) showed a similar pattern although the difference between the 2 groups was not significantly different. At diagnosis, 205 (41%) patients were resident in ‘cities’ (>50% of population in urban centers, with density >1500 inhabitants/km2 and population >50 000), 230 (46%) in ‘towns’ and ‘suburbs’ (>50% in urban clusters with density >300 inhabitants/km2 and population >5000), and 65 (13%) in ‘rural areas’ (>50% of population not meeting the previous criteria). No statistically significant differences were observed among the three groups in terms of clinical presentation, RFS and OS.
Conclusions: The different clinical presentation and worse outcome of ACC in patients living in areas with contaminated soil and water suggest that environmental pollutants in these matrices may have a role in conditioning the behavior of this rare tumor. Conversely, air pollution does not seem to influence the ACC disease course.
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Endocrine Abstracts
ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
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