Characteristics of type 2 diabetes evolving for more than 10 years in a tunisian population

Nesrine Dhieb; Chaima Jemai; Mariem Cheikhrouhou; Chaima Sdiri; Sami Fitouri; Yosra Htira; Ali Zohra Hadj; Imen Hedfi; Olfa Lajili; Mami Faika Ben

doi:10.1530/endoabs.99.EP986

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Endocrine Abstracts (2024) 99 EP986 | DOI: 10.1530/endoabs.99.EP986

ECE2024 Eposter Presentations Diabetes, Obesity, Metabolism and Nutrition (383 abstracts)

Characteristics of type 2 diabetes evolving for more than 10 years in a tunisian population

Nesrine Dhieb , Chaima Jemai , Mariem Cheikhrouhou , Chaima Sdiri , Sami Fitouri , Yosra Htira , Zohra Hadj Ali , Imen Hedfi , Olfa Lajili & Faika Ben Mami

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National institute of nutrition of Tunis, C

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease. Long-standing diabetes increases the prevalence of degenerative complications. The aim of our study was to determine the clinical and biological characteristics of a population of type 2 diabetic patients whose diabetes had been evolving for more than 10 years.

Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study about 100 type 2 diabetic patients hospitalized in the national institute of nutrition of Tunis. For each patient, we carried out an interview and physical examination, we assessed anthropometric parameters and we examinated the feet. Then we graded the podiatric risk for each patient. Creatinine clearance was calculated using the CKD-EPI formula.

Results: The mean age was 57.20±8.48 years. Sex ratio was 0.35. 29% of patients were smokers. Median weight was 91 kg with extremes of 65 and 110 kg. The median BMI was 30.46 kg/m²; with extremes of 22.50 and 38.28 kg/m². The mean duration of diabetes was 14.79 ±4.55 years. All patients were on insulintherapy. The majority of patients (70%) were on NPH insulin. The mean HbA1C was 10.33%. Mean creatinine clearance was 93.16 ±19.19 ml/l/1.73 m². The respective frequencies of diabetic neuropathy, diabetic retinopathy and diabetic nephropathy were 30%, 55% and 46%. Macroangiopathy was present in 35% of cases (coronary artery disease (10%), stroke (3%), obliterative arteriopathy of the lower limbs (18%). Podiatric risk was null for the majority of the population (55%). Frequencies of podiatric risks of 1, 2 and 3 were 55%, 25%, 18% and 2% respectively. Factors significantly associated to poditric risk was smoking (P=0.026), BMI (P<0.001), Hypertension (P=0.038) and diabetic nephropathy (P<0.001).

Conclusion: The duration of diabetes exceeding 10 years was characterised by a high prevalence of degenerative complications. Rigorous early management of diabetes and comorbidities is essential to prevent complications.