Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Primary hyperparathyroidism, common in the general population with a prevalence of 1 to 6 per 1000, is caused by an overproduction of parathyroid hormone, often due to a benign adenoma of the parathyroid glands.

Objectives: The study aims to analyze the correlation between the clinical manifestations of hyperparathyroidism and abnormalities detected through ultrasound, scintigraphy, and computed tomography (CT).

Methods: A study of 132 patients at Ibn Rochd Hospital, Casablanca, from January 1988 to October 2023, focused on the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, and therapeutic aspects of primary hyperparathyroidism. The goal was to promote early diagnosis, relying on imaging data for detecting adenomas and parathyroid nodules.

Results: The study shows an average age of 53.4 years with a notable female predominance (85.93%). The analyses reveal a high average blood calcium level of 114.93 mg/l and an increased average phosphorus level of 22.20 mg/l. The average parathormone (PTH) level is high, at 830.56 pg/ml. Regarding symptoms and complications, 71.87% of patients suffer from bone pain, and 23.43% have renal lithiasis. Ultrasound revealed parathyroid adenomas in 64.06% of patients, while scintigraphy showed hyperfixation in 85.93% of them. CT results indicate that 64% of cases are due to parathyroid adenomas, with 6.25% representing hyperplasia and 1% parathyroid carcinomas. Additionally, 67% of patients have hypovitaminosis D.

Conclusion: These results indicate a significant prevalence of clinical manifestations and paraclinical findings typical of primary hyperparathyroidism. They highlight the importance of early screening and management to prevent complications, especially bone disease and nephrolithiasis. Focusing on correcting hypovitaminosis D could also be an important aspect of treatment for these patients. Surgery remains the standard treatment for removing the responsible adenomas.