ECE2024 Eposter Presentations Thyroid (198 abstracts)
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: 27-year study
Heyfa Belhadj-Miled 1 , Houas Jihene 1 , Ghammam Monia 1 , Khalfi Oussama 2 , El Omri Malika 1 , Merherzi Abir 1 , Bellakhdher Mouna 1 , El Ghali Wassim 3 , Hasni El Abed Yosra 1 , Kermani Wassim 1 & Abdelkefi Mohamed 1
1Farhat Hached Hospital, ENT Department, Sousse, Tunisia; 2Radiology Department, Sousse, Tunisia; 3Department of Anaesthesia, Sousse, Tunisia
Introduction: Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, also known as undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma, is a rare, highly aggressive malignant tumor accounting for 2 to 3 percent of all thyroid gland neoplasms. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma continues to be one of the most deadly diseases worldwide and carries a very poor prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic, and evolutionary aspects of anaplastic thyroid carcinomas.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 18 cases of anaplastic thyroid carcinomas collected and treated in our department over a 27-year period (1995-2022).
Results: In this comparative study involving 11 females and 7 males, the average age of participants was 62 years, ranging from 31 to 82 years. The average consultation delay was assessed at 4 months. Local compression symptoms were predominant, accounting for 83.3% of observed cases. Physical examination revealed goiters in 88.8% of patients, with an average size of 6 cm. Recurrent laryngeal paralysis was observed in 50% of patients, including 3 cases with bilateral involvement. Lymph node involvement was present in 77.7% of patients, while distant metastases were observed in 55.5% of cases. Ultrasound results indicated the presence of multinodular goiters in all participants (100%). Cervico-thoracic CT imaging (performed on 11 cases) revealed plunging goiters in 8 cases. Regarding management, emergency tracheotomy with biopsy was performed in 61.1% of patients, while the remaining 7 patients underwent total thyroidectomy with bilateral cervical dissection. Radiotherapy was administered to 14 patients, with 9 receiving palliative treatment. Patient outcomes demonstrated a high mortality rate of 77.7%, with survival less than one year. Three patients experienced local recurrence. However, one patient remains alive with complete remission, followed up for 14 years.
Conclusion: Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is among the most aggressive cancers. Optimal management is still debated, and a standardized treatment strategy is yet to be established.
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Endocrine Abstracts
ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
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