Endocrine Abstracts

Cardiovascular (CV) diseases are the main cause of death in patients with diabetes mellitus. The different phenotypes can predispose to those disease in people with diabetes.

Aim: to identify phenotypic features in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and their impact on the development of myocardial infarction (MI).

Materials and methods: We examined 231 patients with T2DM with and without MI. The average age of patients was 61.57±0.89 years, the duration of diabetes was 8.61±0.56 years. The average level of HbA1c was 7.78±0.12%, systolic blood pressure - 134.92±1.04, diastolic blood pressure - 81.95±0.68 mm Hg. Depending on the presence or absence of MI patients with T2DM were alienated into 2 groups. The number of patients with T2DM and MI was 59, and 172 without MI. For all patients were calculated BMI, creatinine level, albuminuria and the ratio of albumin to creatinine in the urine to diagnose chronic kidney disease (CKD). All patients received antidiabetic, antihypertensive and statin therapy. We analyzed the effect of age, BMI, duration of T2DM, HbA1c and CKD on the development of MI in patients with T2DM.

Results: Patients with T2DM without MI were significantly younger, their age was 62 [53-69] years, the duration of diabetes was significantly less than 6 [2-11] years, in compared to patients with T2DM with MI, where the age was 65 [61-72] years, and the duration of diabetes was 10 [2-17.5] years. BMI was significantly higher in the group of patients with T2DM without MI and amounted to 32 [28.1-36.2] kg/m², while in patients with T2DM with MI was 30 [28-34.3] kg/m². The level of HbA1c in the groups of patients with T2DM with or without MI did not differ significantly. The risk factor of CKD III – IV was present in 21 of 172 patients without a history of MI and in 31 of 59 patients with MI and T2DM. The odds ratio for developing a heart attack in the presence of CKD was OR = 2,242 [1,21 - 4,125], P=0,008.

Conclusion: we identified the influence of age, duration of diabetes mellitus on the development of MI in patients with T2DM.