Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Pituitary hyperplasia, defined as an increase in the size of the pituitary gland, is rare in children; the main etiology is the onset of puberty. We report the case of a 15-year-old girl with Growth retardation and amenorrhea. The exploration of the pituitary region revealed pituitary hyperplasia measuring 18 mm x 13 mm. Karyotype revealed Turner mosaic syndrome.

Discussion: In our patient, the hyperplasia was secondary to thyroid cell proliferation secondary to prolonged poorly controlled peripheral hypothyroidism; however, an autoimmune origin cannot be ruled out. It was the response to treatment with Levothyrox, which led to a net regression of hyperplasia of more than 80% after regular treatment with thyroid hormones, which confirmed our diagnosis.

Conclusion: The prevalence of pituitary hyperplasia secondary to peripheral hypothyroidism varies from 21 to 85% and is 70% in patients with TSH levels exceeding 50µUI/ml. The diagnosis of thyrotropic hyperplasia is certain once the process has regressed after hormone replacement, and if this does not occur, the diagnosis should be reconsidered.