Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy-related metabolic disorder associated with increased maternal and fetal complications. Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various pregnancy-related disorders, including GDM. This cross-sectional study aims to evaluate and compare oxidative stress levels among GDM patients, shedding light on potential implications for maternal and fetal health.

Methods: A total of 47 pregnant women, comprising 27 GDM patients and 20 normoglycemic pregnant controls, were enrolled in this study. Oxidative stress levels were assessed using reliable biomarkers and assays, including photometric test system for the determination of the total antioxidative status/capacity (TAS/TAC) and for the determination of the total oxidative status/capacity (TOS/TOC). Demographic and clinical data, including age, gestational age, and relevant medical history, were collected and analyzed. GDM and the control group were matched to ensure no differences in age, weight, and BMI.

Results: The study revealed a statistically significant difference in oxidative stress levels between GDM patients and normoglycemic pregnant controls. GDM patients exhibited higher levels of oxidative stress markers during whole pregnancy and also 3 month postparum in comparison to control group. Significantly higher levels of oxidative stress markers was observed in first trimester of pregnancy, before GDM diagnosis, comprehensively suggesting an increased burden of oxidative damage. According to ANOVA results we hypothesize that TOS/TAS may be a potential future marker of GDM. Further subgroup analyses explored potential correlations between oxidative stress levels and key clinical parameters within the GDM group.

Conclusion: This cross-sectional study provides valuable insights into the heightened oxidative stress observed in GDM patients compared to normoglycemic pregnant individuals. Understanding the role of oxidative stress in GDM pathophysiology may contribute to the development of targeted therapeutic interventions aimed at mitigating maternal and fetal complications associated with GDM. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to explore the temporal dynamics of oxidative stress throughout the course of GDM and its impact on pregnancy outcomes.