Hyponatremia after COVID-19 is frequent in the first year and increases re-admissions

Betina Biagetti; Adrian Sanchez-Moltava; Albert Puig-Perez; Isabel Campos-Varela; Florencia Pilia; Emilie Anderssen-Nordahl; Didac Gonzalez-Sans; Marta Miarons; Canonge Rafael Simo

doi:10.1530/endoabs.99.P118

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Endocrine Abstracts (2024) 99 P118 | DOI: 10.1530/endoabs.99.P118

ECE2024 Poster Presentations Pituitary and Neuroendocrinology (120 abstracts)

Hyponatremia after COVID-19 is frequent in the first year and increases re-admissions

Betina Biagetti ^1,2 , Adrian Sanchez-Moltavá ^1,3 , Albert Puig-Perez ^1,2 , Isabel Campos-Varela ^1,4 , Florencia Pilia ^1,5 , Emilie Anderssen-Nordahl ^1,6 , Didac González-Sans ^1,7 , Marta Miarons ^1,8 & Rafael Simo Canonge ^1,2

Err

Author affiliations

¹Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; ², Endocrinology; ³, Infectious Diseases Department; ⁴, Liver Unit; ⁵, Pneumology Department; ⁶, Clinical Pharmacology; ⁷, Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit; ⁸, Pharmacy Department

Background: Hyponatremia has been related to worse outcomes from COVID-19 infection during hospital admission. However, little is known about the incidence and prevalence of hyponatremia after discharge and the associated risk factors.

Methods: Prospective observational 24-month follow-up study of patients admitted at a tertiary hospital during the first COVID-19 wave. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the main variables in predicting hyponatremia on follow-up (HyPO-FU).

Results: A total of 161 out of 683 (24.4%) developed HyPO-FU. The group with HyPO-FU comprised of more men [(62.3%) vs (49.2%); P<0.01], older [65.6 ±18.2 vs 60.3±17.0; P< 0.01], had more comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, heart failure and renal failure (P<0.01), hyponatremia on admission [ (46.1%) vs (28.5%) P=0.01], and were more frequently re-admitted [(16.2%) vs (3.8%); P< 0.01) compared to patients without HyPO-FU. The mean rate of HyPO-FU was higher in the first year 23.6 per 100 individuals per year. After a stepwise Cox regression analysis, the independent risk factors of developing HyPO-FU were diabetes [OR: 2.12, IC: 95% (1.48-3.04)], hypertension [OR: 2.18, IC: 95% (1.53-3.12)], heart failure [OR: 3.34, IC: 95% (1.72-6.48)] and previous invasive ventilation support requirement [OR: 2.38, IC: 95% (1.63-3.50)].

Conclusion: HyPO-FU was frequent in the first year after COVID-19 infection, and the risk was higher in older men with comorbidities, increasing rehospitalisation. The independent associated risk factors were diabetes, hypertension, heart failure and the requirement of invasive ventilation support. Further studies aimed at evaluating the beneficial effects of correcting hyponatremia in these patients are warranted.