Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Hyperprolactinemia is characterized by persistently elevated levels of prolactin in the blood serum, with its most common manifestation being a disruption of the reproductive system. Hyperprolactinemia contributes to inadequate endometrial preparation for pregnancy, insufficient implantation of the fertilized egg, and may also exert pathological effects on the production of gonadotropin hormones.

Objective: To investigate the hormonal status of patients with recurrent miscarriage (RM) in the first trimester with hyperprolactinemia.

Materials and methods: A total of 54 women in the first trimester of pregnancy were selected for this study. Among them, 34 pregnant women experienced RM in the first trimester with hyperprolactinemia, while 20 had a normal course of pregnancy. The average age in the hyperprolactinemia group was 30 (±4.8) years, and in the control group, it was 28 (±4.1) years. The main diagnostic materials included the concentration of prolactin, inhibin A, FSH, and LH in the blood.

Results: Analysis of hormonal indicators revealed the following: prolactin concentration in the first trimester in women with RM was significantly higher than normal (4075.7±1103.2 ng/ml), while in patients with a normal course of pregnancy, it was 1015±332.4 ng/ml. Patients with RM and hyperprolactinemia showed an increase in the concentration of FSH and LH, which was 16.3±2.1 mIU/ml and 1.14±0.54 mIU/ml, respectively, compared to the control group with values of 0.19±0.19 mIU/ml and 0.66±0.34 mIU/ml. The level of inhibin A decreased almost twofold (133.9±13.4 pg/ml) in women with RPL, while in the control group, inhibin A concentration remained within the normal range (617.3±252.8 pg/ml).

Conclusion: 1. Hormonal analysis among women with hyperprolactinemia indicates that an increase in prolactin significantly elevates levels of FSH and LH compared to patients with reference values. 2. Our study revealed that a decrease of inhibin A levels is associated with hyperprolactinemia, indicating a risk of pregnancy loss.