Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes constitutes a major public health problem. In 2017, the International Diabetes Federation estimated that 425 million people worldwide suffer from diabetes, and by 2045, this number is projected to rise to 629 million.

Objectives: The aim of our study is to assess the impact of patient’s socio-economic status (SES) on their glycemic control.

Patients Et Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study involving 216 type 2 diabetic patients, followed in the Diabetology department at Ibn Rochd University Hospital in Casablanca from March 2023 to November 2023. The classification used for socio-economic status is provided by the High commission for planning of Morocco: Low SES (income< 350$/month), Moderate SES (income between 350-2300$/month), High SES (income > 2300$/month). Data were collected using an exploitation form and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 27.0.

Results: Our study included 216 patients with a mean age of 59 years and a M/F ratio of 2.48. The average duration of diabetes was 13 years. Regarding cardiovascular risk factors, 67% were hypertensive, 39% were obese, 41% had dyslipidemia, and 13% had toxic habits. Ischemic heart disease and peripheral arterial disease were found in 15% and 16% of cases, respectively, while retinopathy and diabetic nephropathy were present in 54% and 20% of cases, respectively. In our series, 20% of patients had a moderate SES with an average HbA1c of 7.02%, while 80% had a low SES with an average HbA1c of 11.25%. The mean difference in HbA1c levels between low and moderate SES individuals was 4.22% (95% CI 3.83;4.61) (P< 0.0001).

Conclusion: Our study indicates that socio-economic status influences the stability of individuals with type 2 diabetes. Individuals with a higher socio-economic status face fewer challenges in adhering to treatments such as GLP-1 agonists, SGLT2 inhibitors, or the latest-generation insulins, which are costly but more effective.