Endocrine Abstracts

Dysregulation of types 2 and 3 deiodinases (D2 and D3) are present and profoundly alters the metabolism of thyroid hormones in the nonthyroidal iIllness syndrome (NTIS). The activation of this enzyme in peripheral blood cells can be one of the factors that alters the progression of this syndrome. However, the effect of oxidative stress on D3 expression in these cells from ill patients is unknown.ObjectiveEvaluate the presence and variations of D3 expression in the granulocytes...

Impaired TH transport across brain barriers results in severe TH deficiency in Mct8/Oatp1c1 DKO mice, leading to disturbed neuronal development, myelination as well as locomotor abnormalities. Although brain-barrier associated cells (i.e. endothelial cells, astrocytes, choroid plexus epithelial cells) have been shown to express both transporters, the cell-specific function of Mct8 and Oatp1c1 has still not been defined. Here, we generated and analysed mouse mutants that lack M...

Microglial dysfunction is one of the hallmarks and leading causes of common neurodegenerative diseases (NDD), including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (AD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). All these pathologies are characterized by aberrant aggregation of disease-causing proteins in the brain, which can directly activate microglia, trigger microglia-mediated neuroinflammation, and increase oxidative stress. The availability of cell-permeable i...

The iodothyronine deiodinases constitute a family of three selenoenzymes regulating the intracellular metabolism of Thyroid Hormones (THs, T4 and T3) and impacting on several physiological processes, including energy metabolism, development and cell differentiation. The type 1, 2 and 3 deiodinases (D1, D2, and D3), are sensitive, rate-limiting components within the TH axis, and rapidly control TH action in physiological conditions or disease. Notably, several human pathologies...

Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common Endocrine malignancy. Nowadays Undifferentiated Thyroid Cancers (UTCs) are still a lethal disease, mostly because of the lack of effective therapeutic options. The insurgence of therapy resistance and disease relapse is believed to be caused by a subpopulation of cancer cells with a stem-like phenotype and specific tumor-initiating abilities, the so called Tumor-Initiating Cells (TICs). Several markers have been identified and described o...

Regulatory circuits involving miRNAs and transcription factors (TFs) are prevalent mechanisms of gene expression by which developmental and pathologic processes occur. MiR-146b is one of the most upregulated and abundant oncomiRNAs in papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs). We have previously shown that miR-146b and PAX8 regulate each other and share common target genes such as NIS, thus highlighting a miR-146b-3p/PAX8/NIS regulatory circuit that governs the differentiated phenot...

Inactivation of the thyroid hormone transporters Mct8/Oatp1c1 in mice causes a profound TH deficiency in the CNS due to an impaired TH transport across brain barrier cells. As oligodendrocyte maturation and myelin formation requires proper thyroid hormone (TH) signaling, Mct8/Oatp1c1 double knock-out (DKO) mice exhibit a persistent state of hypomyelination similar to the situation in MCT8 deficient patients. Yet, to which extent proper myelination is dependent on the presence ...

Objective: Detecting recurrence of differentiated thyroid cancer is performed by serial measurements of serum thyroglobulin (Tg) levels, however, in the presence of anti-Tg antibodies, this measurement is unreliable. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane-enclosed structures, with a prominent role in cell-to-cell communication. All cell types release EVs and they can be isolated from various biofluids, while their cargo reflects the content of the cell of origin. Prev...