Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) have developed into a more common complication among people with uncontrolled diabetes, who also have higher morbidity rates and are more prone to polymicrobial infections that spread quickly and cause irreparable tissue damage. The most difficult aspect of treating diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) is the rising prevalence of multi-drug resistant germs, which necessitates the use of a novel antimicrobial agent.

Objective: In this study, the bactericidal effects of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) green produced from Aristolochia indica against Multi-drug Resistant Organisms (MDROs) were examined.

Method: Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and zeta potential measurements were used to characterise ZnO nanoparticles. To ascertain if the effects were bactericidal or bacteriostatic, MIC/MBC assays were carried out. At 1x MIC and 2x MIC doses of ZnO NPs, time-kill tests, protein leakage, and flow cytometric analyses assessed bacterial cell death. The results of each experiment were run in triplicate, and they were presented as the mean SEM of three separate experiments. P<0.04 was regarded as statistically significant. The means were statistically compared using One-way ANOVA, followed by post hoc Dunnett’s and Tukey’s Multiple Comparison Tests using GraphPad Prism version 5.

Results: ZnO NPs with a zeta potential of -21.8±2 mV and a size of 22.4 nm showed exceptional bactericidal activity, with MIC/MBC ranging from 24 to 300 g/ml and a considerable decline in viable count after 1 hour. Bacterial cell death caused by ZnO NPs was confirmed by protein leakage and flow cytometric analysis.

Conclusion: Due to its improved bactericidal effects even against clinical bacterial infections that are practically resistant to existing stronger antibiotics, the current work offers new insight into the development of green produced ZnO NPs as an alternative therapeutic agent. However, more research is required to fully understand the mechanism underlying antibacterial activity. It is also recommended that this synthesis method can be used to other biological applications, such as larvicidal and antifungal medicines. This study came to the conclusion that the green synthesis technique offers a trustworthy, environmentally friendly method for creating antimicrobial ZnO NPs to fight antibiotic medication resistance.