Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Obesity is currently a public health problem due to its worrying increase in prevalence over the last ten years. The management of obesity and associated comorbidities is therefore a priority. The WHO classification distinguishes 4 types of obesity according to BMI in terms of severity.

Patients and methods: Retrospective study including 72 obese patients hospitalized and followed at the Endocrinology-Diabetology and Nutrition Department of the Mohamed VI university hospital Oujda Morocco, divided into 2 groups, G1: 36 cases (BMI: 30 to 40 kg/m²), G2: 28 cases (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m²). Over a period of 2 years (from September 2020 to September 2022). Clinical and paraclinical data were collected from the patients’ medical records. The analysis was performed by SPSS Version 21 software, and the threshold: P<0.05 was considered significant.

Results: In G1, the mean age of the patients was 33.19±15.78 years and 39.61±13.82 years in G2. A female predominance was noted in both groups, sex ratio F/H (G1): 3 and (G2): 8.33. The mean BMI in G1 was 35.56±2.87 kg/m² and 47.01±5.16 kg/m² in G2. The mean waist circumference was higher in G2: 131.98±14.99 cm compared to G1: 113.71±13.94 cm. The prevalence of diabetes was 27.77% (G1) and 28.57% (G2) (P > 0.05). The prevalence of hepatic steatosis was 52.94% (G1) and 48% (G2). The mean uricemia was 54.42±14.59 mg/l (G1) and 65.47±12.41 mg/l (G2). In contrast, the prevalence of dyslipidemia was significantly higher in the morbidly obese group (35.71%) compared to the moderate to severe obesity group (30.55%).

Conclusion: About Obesity is a complex chronic disease in which abnormal or excessive body fat (adiposity) impairs health, increases the risk of long-term medical complications and shortens life span. Our study demonstrates obesity increase metabolic risk whatever its severity.