Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Diabetic foot is a public health problem that affects the quality of life of diabetic patients. The severity of diabetic foot ulcer causes complications that are not only costly but can lead to amputation. The objective of this work is to study the factors related to the severity of diabetic foot ulcers.

Material and Methods: It’s a retrospective study from January 2020 to May 2022 involving patients treated in the endocrinology department for diabetic feet. The severity of the lesions was evaluated by the Wagner classification. The analysis was performed using SPSS 21 software.

Results: The total of patients was 175, with an average age of 56 years, of which 64% were male and 36% female. Type 2 diabetic patients represented 87.4% of patients. The average duration of diabetes was 14.7 years. Most of patients were unbalanced with an average HbA1c of 14.7%. About degenerative complications, 70.3% had diabetic microangiopathy and peripheral arterial disease was present in 53.1% of cases. Among these patients, 9.7% had a history of amputation. Concerning ulcers, 44% had grade 1 ulcers of the Wagner classification, 48.6% grade 2 ulcers and only 7.4% grade 3 ulcers. The factors associated with the severity of the lesions were the duration of the diabetes (P=0.009), glycemic imbalance (P=0.001) association with arteriopathy (P=0.001), history of amputation (P=0.003) and the existence of Charcot’s foot (P=0.001.

Conclusion: The study of factors involved in the severity of diabetic foot lesions will allow the implementation of preventive measures and greater vigilance in patients at risk carrying these factors.