Endocrine Abstracts

Diabetes mellitus with characteristic high blood serum glucose may cause various disorders, including damages to blood vessels. Both type 1 and type 2 DM increase the IHD risk by 4-6 times. The work was initiated to study parameters of lipid metabolism in patients with the IHD-combined type 1 and type 2 DM.

Materials and Methods: We examined concentrations of total lipids, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL C) in 58 patients with diabetes mellitus. 20 patients had diabetes mellitus without IHD, 8 and 12 persons with type 1 and type 2 DM, respectively, among them. In 38 patients DM was combined with IHD.

Results and Discussion: Total lipids, TC and TG were found increased in all patients, but the ratios varied by the DM type. TC concentrations were approximately identical in all groups of patients, while those of TG, ТС and HDL C were found to change by the DM type and presence of IHD. The most significant changes in the TG concentrations were observed in the blood serum of the patients with type 2 DM in combination with IHD (286.0±27.5 mg%); the concentrations in patients with type 2 DM without IHD were similar to those in the controls (139.3±0.3 mg%). The highest mean level of total lipids was measured in patients with the IHD-combined type 1 DM (11.42±0.61 g/l). The HDL C concentrations were found reduced in most patients, being more significant in those with the IHD-combined type 1 DM. In patients with the IHD-combined type 2 DM, concentrations of TC, TG and HDL C were higher than those in the patients with the IHD-combined type1 DM. In patients with the IHD-combined type 2 DM, concentrations of total lipids, TC and TG were higher than those in the diabetic patients without IHD, while concentrations of HDL C were found lower. Concentrations of total lipids, TC and TG were higher in patients with the IHD-combined type 1 DM than those in the diabetics without IHD. Thus, IHD exacerbated the DM course. Regardless of the DM type, the HDL C percentage of the total cholesterol was lower in the diabetics with the IHD. The parameter is more instrumental than the absolute TC percentage in the fraction. Calculation of TC/TG coefficients demonstrated changes in the concentrations of TC and TG in the transport forms with the predominance of the latter in patients with the IHD-combined DM of both types.