Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Obesity is the result of an imbalance in the energy balance. It is associated with many metabolic pathologies, in particular type 2 diabetes, which presents a medical and economic challenge throughout the world.

Objective of the Study: The objective of our study was to determine the prevalence of obesity and the metabolic profile in a group of diabetic patients.

Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional observational study including 623 patients followed in the endocrinology and metabolic diseases department of the Ibn Rochd University Hospital in Casablanca in a day hospital or in conventional hospitalization between January 2021 and July 2022. The painful diabetic neuropathy was assessed by the DN4 score. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using SPSS version 25.

Results: We included 623 patients, 63.4% of whom were women. The average age of the patients was 51.4±16.1 years. Diabetes was type 2 for 79.9% of patients. The mean HbA1c was 10.22±2.53%. Among our patients, 30.2% were overweight and 30.4% obese including 19.4% grade 1 obesity, 7.1% grade 2 obesity and 3.9% grade 3 obesity. In our study, 28.9% of patients were dyslipidemic. In bivariate analysis, obesity was higher in patients over 69 years old (P<0.001), in men (P<0.001), in patients with a university education (P<0.001), hypertensive patients (P<0.001), dyslipidemics (P<0.001), smokers (P<0.001) and in patients on insulin. In multivariate analysis, it was associated with gender (P<0.001) and arterial hypertension (P<0.001).

Conclusion: The frequency of obesity in diabetic patients potentiates cardiovascular risk. This recalls the interest of hygienic-dietary rules, in particular the Mediterranean diet and regular physical activity in these patients.