Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Diabetes is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Renal disease is a cardiovascular morbidity and mortality predictor which is three times more common in diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN). We aim to describe the factors of cardiovascular risk associated with DN in a group of type 2 diabetes patients.(T2D).

Materials and Methods: It was retrospective and descriptive study including 204 patients with T2D and confirmed DN, hospitalized in the Internal Medicine at UHC “Mother Teresa”, between January to December 2021.

Results: There were 97 (47.5%) women and 107 (52.5%) men with mean age was 70.93 ± 9.64 years. The body mass index was 28.98 ± 6.24 kg/m^². The average duration of diabetes was 11.35 ± 5.32 years. In 87.7% of cases, treatment for diabetes was insulin therapy. Microalbuminuria as incipient nephropathy was present in 104 patients and 100 patients had renal failure with GFR <90 ml/min. High blood pressure was present in 144 patients, 88% of whom were on ACE inhibitors. Other microangyopathic complications were present, such as diabetic retinopathy in 13.7% patients, 6 of which had a proliferative form and peripheral neuropathy in 25% patients. Ischemic heart disease was found in 36.6% of patients and angiopathy of the lower limbs in 11 patients. Hypertriglyceridemia was observed in 97 patients, hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia in 24 patients and hyper LDL-emie in 75 patients. 69.7% of patients had hiperuricemia. We noted a positive correlation between the DN stage and the severe of glycated hemoglobin (P0.002), as well as duration of diabetes. However, no significant correlation has been demonstrated between the micro and macro albuminuria and the triglyceride level, HDL cholesterol and the LDL cholesterol level.

Conclusions: Diabetic nephropathy increases the cardiovascular risk in T2D. Its prevention and management, requires an optimal glycemic and blood pressure control, in order to protect not only the kidney but also to reduce cardiovascular risk and thus to improve the quality of life of diabetics and their prognosis of life.