Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is caused by destruction of pancreatic beta cells. Children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes have an increased risk of developing other autoimmune diseases, most commonly autoimmune thyroiditis and celiac disease.Objectives: To examine the frequency of individual human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles in people with T1DM and associated autoimmune (AI) diseases of the thyroid, digestive system, and skin, and ...

Background: Placental signalling has been postulated to drive inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and insulin resistance in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Objectives: To determine if placental signalling contributes to systemic insulin resistance in GDM.Methods: Adiponectin, leptin, adipsin and resistin in placental and omental explant culture supernatants (n=10 GDM and n=10 control) and maternal plasma (n=20 GDM and n=20 co...

Background: Pregnancy with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) carries risks for many adverse outcomes; the most common are large-for-gestational-age neonates (LGA). Proper glycemic control reduces the risk for LGA. However, it occurs in almost 40% of T1DM pregnancies despite of achieving almost normoglycemia. Some studies suggested the contributing role of maternal body mass index (BMI) and glucovariability, but the effect on development of LGA still remains unclear.<p class=...

Background: The increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is leading to a higher number of patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) being referred to an ophthalmologist. In order to provide better care for patients, the Department of Endocrinology at the University Hospital of Zagreb has started screening of the ocular fundus.Objectives: The aim was to present the results of screening on DR in a random sample of DM patients and to compare the result...

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) prevalence in patients with severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus (SARS-CoV-2) infection differs among studies, although pre-existing DM seems to double the risk of critical infection and mortality.Objectives: To evaluate incidence and mortality risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a large diabetic population in Northern Italy in pre-vaccine era.Methods: Retrospective, observational, big data stud...

Background: According to the World Health Organization, there are approximately 650 million obese adults worldwide. In Croatia almost 2/3 (65%) of adults are overweight (42%) or obese (23%), with a growing tendency both in adults and children. The surgical procedures performed to manage obesity are referred to as metabolic or “bariatric” surgery. Candidates for a bariatric surgical procedure include obese patients with a BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2(obesity class ...

Background: Phase angle (PA) is defined as the angular displacement between the current and voltage waveforms due to capacitor interference, measured in degrees or radians. [1] The fat-free mass (FFM) is made up of water and electrolytes and is characterized by a low impedance, while the FM (fat mass) is water-free and, therefore, with a high impedance. The larger the FM, the higher the resistance, and this parameter affects the PA. Body mass index (BMI) is the most widely use...

Background: Emerging evidence shows that diabetes mellitus causes structural and functional alterations in the brain. Recent studies have shown that diabetes may induce reductions in N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) and glutamate concentrations in the cortical grey matter, but few studies have performed the neurochemical profiling of other brain regions in patients with diabetes. Hence, the aim was to investigate brain metabolites in other brain regions of adults with diabetes.<p ...

Background: Eruptive xanthomas, benign skin lesions, are rare and can be a sign of lipid metabolism abnormalities. This is an early indicator of the potential risks of pancreatitis and cardiovascular disease.Case Presentation: A 57-year man admitted to the hospital due to elevated triglyceride level and poorly compensated type 2 diabetes. Main complaints were dry mouth and nocturia. No complaints of nausea, vomiting, stool changes or pain. There was data...