Endocrine Abstracts

Background: analysis the epidemiologic and the clinical features of this entity, then to discuss the management

Patients and methods: We report a retrospective study of 120 patients operated on for multi nodular goiter over a period of 5 years between January 2017 and December 2021.

Results: In our study a female predominance was noted with a sex ratio F/H of 8/1. The average age of the patients was 44 years with extremes from 15 to 74 years. A familial thyroid pathology was reported by 42 patients in our study (35%). On clinical examination 82 patients had a single nodule; the consistency of the GMN was firm in 88%, soft in 3% and hard in 9% of cases. 64.4% of the dominant nodules within the MNG were smaller than 4 cm. Cervical adenopathies were palpated in 13 patients (11%). Clinical signs of tracheobronchial axis compression were present in 45 patients or 37.5%. Recurrent paralysis was found at the IL in 3 patients (2.5%). A thyroid workup was performed in all patients. 96.6 of patients were euthyroid, the rest were hypothyroid. Ultrasound was performed in all patients. It revealed nodules larger than 1 cm in all patients. Cytopuncture was performed in 23 patients (19%). It concluded to a benign nodule in 19 cases (76%), a suspicious nodule in 3 cases (12%) and was non-contributory in 3 cases (12%). In 52 patients, surgical treatment consisted of total thyroidectomy (44%) and loboisthmectomy in 68 patients (56%). The surgical treatment was complicated by 4 unilateral recurrent paralysis of which two were definitive and 5 definitive hypoparathyroidism.

Conclusion: Thyroid goiter is the most frequent endocrine disorder. Clinical testing, thyroid function testing, and imaging studies are all part of the diagnostic process. Additional FNAC testing may be necessary. Depending on the results of the diagnostic examination and related consequences, treatment options include medications, surgery, and radioiodine (I-131).