Endocrine Abstracts

Relevance: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common endocrine disorders among chil-dren and accounts for 5-10% of all DM. According to scientists, in patients with type 1 diabetes, the risk of developing thyroid pathology is increased and with their combination, the course of both diseases worsens. There are different opinions among specialists regarding the clinical significance of latent thy-roid dysfunction. The study of the functional state of the thyroid gland in children with type 1 diabetes seems to be very relevant. In Kazakhstan, we have not met studies to assess the function of the thyroid gland in children with type 1 diabetes.

Materials and methods: Cohort retrospective study of data from 1140 medical records of inpatient pa-tients with type 1 diabetes who were on inpatient treatment for the study of thyroid hormones (n= 580): TSH, free T3, free T4, AT-TPO, AT-TG.

Results: For the period from 2014 to 2020, the thyroid profile was studied in 58.9% of children with type 1 diabetes: euthyroidism was detected in 41.0%, hypothyroidism - in 18.0%, hyperthyroidism - in 2.4%, other different variants of thyroid dysfunction in 38.6% of children. When analyzing the distribu-tion of primary hypothyroidism, the frequency of thyroid hypofunction was recorded in 46-52% of cases more often over the last 4 years of follow-up. The frequency of hypothyroidism among all thyroid dys-function is 30.4% of cases. Among the various thyroid dysfunctions, the following variants are regis-tered: isolated increase in free T3 - 66.0%, isolated increase in free T4 - 5.0%, increase in free T3 and free T4 with normal TSH - 13.0%, increase in TSH, free T3 with normal free T4 - 13.0%, decrease in free T3 - 3.0%.

Conclusion: In patients with type 1 diabetes, thyroid dysfunction is detected in almost 60.0%. It should be noted that primary hypothyroidism is registered in every third child with type 1 diabetes among all thyroid dysfunctions. In 39% of patients with type 1 diabetes, there were various fluctuations in the lev-els of hormones TSH, free T4, free T3, which were not included in the diagnostic criteria for thyroid pa-thologies and required separate study.