Endocrine Abstracts

Our goal was to determine the anamnestic characteristics of mothers during pregnancy in children with hyperthyroidism living in conditions of iodine deficiency, which possibly contribute to the development of hyperthyroidism in patients of the pediatric group.

Materials and methods of research: the analysis of the anamnesis of mothers during pregnancy of 146 children and adolescents with hyperthyroidism. The control group consisted of 97 relatively healthy children under 18 whose parents agreed to participate. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using the statistical software packages ‘SPSS 23 for Windows’ (‘IBM Corp. Armonk’, NY, USA).

Results: Analysis of the mother’s anamnesis during pregnancy of children and adolescents with hyperthyroidism are presented in Table 1. The results obtained indicate that the presence of autoimmune thyroid disease in the mother increases the risk of developing hyperthyroidism in the child by 7.5-8.2 times (OR = 8.2 (95% CI 3.1-21.5), P<0.001), while endemic maternal goitre during pregnancy and systemic autoimmune diseases (OR = 2.6 (95% CI 0.7-9.4), P=0.69) is not a reliable provoking factor (OR = 1.4 (95% CI 0.5-3.8), P=0.36). In addition, overweight and obesity (OR = 3.9 (95% CI 1.1-13.6), P=0.03), as well as anemia of varying severity in pregnant women (OR = 5.8 (95% CI 2.2-15.4), P<0.001) may increase the risk of developing hyperthyroidism in children. At the same time, vitiligo (0.7%), type 2 diabetes mellitus (2.1%), polycystic ovary syndrome (0.7%) were diagnosed only in mothers whose children had hyperthyroidism.

Conclusion: possible factors that increase the risk of developing hyperthyroidism in children living with iodine deficiency are the following maternal anamnestic indicators during pregnancy: Graves’ disease, autoimmune thyroiditis, overweight and obesity, anaemia of pregnancy, type 2 diabetes mellitus, vitiligo and polycystic ovary syndrome.