Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Malignant tumors of the thyroid gland are common in the field of endocrinology as an oncological disease. The diagnosis of thyroid cancer (TC) is based on sonographic and cytological methods. The widespread use of TI-RADS classification and the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology proposed by the American College of Radiology (ACR) and the U.S. National Cancer Institute (NCI) relatively significantly increases diagnostic accuracy. In this study diagnostic value of TI-RADS and Bethesda System for early detection of TC were assessed.

Material and methods: In 90 patients record cards who were admitted to surgery in Republican Specialized Scientific Practical Medical Centre Endocrinology (n= 60) and Vitamed Clinic (n= 30) with TC diagnosis during 2018-2021 years were analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 – TC were diagnosed by using TI-RADS and Bethesda and Group 2 - TC diagnosis performed based on traditional way. All patients underwent preoperative and postoperative follow-up, with determination of serum level of TSH, free T4, TG, Anti-TG, Anti-TPO, CEA titers. The results of US, fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), express histology, and final histological examination were analyzed and compared between groups.

Results: The mean age of patients were 39.64 ± 1.4 years. TC diagnosed were in 6.5 times frequently in women than in men. The results of clinical and biochemical data of blood count did not differ in TC patients from healthy subject. In group 1, results of the study on modern classifications by the method of US and FNAB were matched in 80% of cases and TC was confirmed. However, in group 2, by traditional method TC confirmed only in 23%. In Group 1 the FNAB results in 83% were matched with after surgery histology. Whereas in group 2, the result was matched in 78.6% of cases. Moreover, In group 1, after surgery histology 100% corresponds to the final histological conclusion. While in group 2, the figure was 95%.

Conclusion: TC is mainly diagnosed in middle-aged patients. and was frequent in women than in men. Using Bethesda classification and TI-RADS were more informative and corresponds with FNAB results in 80% and 100% with after surgery histology, whereas with traditional way FNAB were matched only in 23% of cases and in 95% with final histology.