Endocrine Abstracts

Currently, it has been established that obesity is a heterogeneous disease. There are metabolically healthy (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MNHO) depending on the presence of cardiometabolic disorders. Potential factors that differentiate obesity into phenotypes include the gut microbiome and endocrine activity of adipose and muscle tissue. Purpose of the study was to compare intestinal microbiome and adipomyokine profile in patients with different obesity phenotypes and in healthy people. A cohort cross-sectional study was performed. The study involved 265 participants (men-44 (16.6%), women-221 (83.4%), average age - 47.1±4.8 years). Formed clinical groups: group 1 (n=129) - healthy people with normal body weight, group 2 - obese patients (n=136). In order to isolate different obesity phenotypes, patients of group 2 were divided into 2 subgroups based on the NCEP-ATP III criteria: subgroup 2a (n=40) - MHO, subgroup 2b (n=55) - MNHO. Quantitative and qualitative assessment of the state of the gut microbiome was performed by metagenomic analysis. Measurement of adipokines and myokines was performed by multiplex ELISA on a Magpix analyzer. Statistical analysis was conducted in the R version of the RStudio program. As a result, in patients with MHO the presence of Lentisphaerae was less often observed and the number of Bacteroidetes was lower, but the amount of Firmicutes was higher compared to MNHO subgroup (P0.05). In obese group, the number of Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria was increased and the amount of Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, TM7, Fusobacteria was decreased, and the phylotypes of Tenericutes, Planctomycetes and Lentisphaerae were more often verified compared with similar indicators in healthy people (P0.05). When comparing the studied adipokines and myokines in patients with different obesity phenotypes, significant differences were found for adiponectin and leptin (P<0,05). In patients with MHO, the level of adiponectin and leptin was significantly higher compared with the MNHO. In patients with MHO and MNHO, the level of adiponectin was significantly lower, and leptin and asprasin - higher compared with the control group (P0.05). No significant differences in the content of myokines in different obesity phenotypes were found in our study. The obtained results indicate changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiome and adipokine profile in different obesity phenotypes. Further research is required, both to confirm the obtained results and to identify correlations between metabolic parameters with individual phylotypes of the gut microbiome and the profile of adipomyokines.