SFEBES2021 Oral Communications Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes (6 abstracts)
Sex-specific risk of obesity and cardiometabolic disease in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs): a meta-analysis in 681929 individuals
Eka Melson 1,2 , Thaís Rocha 2 , Javier Zamora 3 , Borja M Fernandez-Felix 3 , Soha Sobhy 4 , Ana Pilar Betrán 5 , Wiebke Arlt 2 & Shakila Thangaratinam 2
1NHS Tayside, Dundee, United Kingdom; 2Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; 3Clinical Biostatistics Unit, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Hospital Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain; 4Women’s Health Research Unit, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; 5UNDP, UNFPA, UNICEF, WHO, World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction (HRP), Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research (SHR), World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
Introduction: Obesity is a global health challenge with more than 60% of the world´s population with obesity living in LMICs. Studies have demonstrated that women are more affected by obesity than men. However, the risk of obesity and obesity-related cardiometabolic diseases in women in LMICs have not been documented. The aims of this meta-analysis are: to evaluate the risk of obesity and obesity-related cardiometabolic disease in women compared to men in LMICs and to evaluate the risk of obesity and cardiometabolic disease in women with obesity compared to those without obesity in LMICs.
Methods: PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane were searched from inception to December 2020. MESh terms on ‘women’, ‘obesity’ and ‘cardiometabolic diseases’ were used in the search without restrictions. Studies reporting obesity rates according to BMI in LMIC according to World Bank Region were included. Case-control studies, children, adolescents, pregnancy, infections, and cancers were excluded. Two reviewers undertook study selection, quality assessment, and data extraction. Odds-ratios were calculated for obesity in both women and men, and for risk of cardiometabolic diseases in women with obesity. Results were pooled using a random effects model in the meta-analysis.
Results: 236 primary studies (376405 women) reported rates of obesity in women in LMICs. Women presented with almost a 3-fold increase in the odds of obesity (OR:2.75 [95% CI:2.50-3.02]) compared to men, independent of age. Highest risk was observed in Sub-Saharan Africa (OR:3.60 [95% CI:2.71-4.77]). There was a 2-fold increase in the odds of hypertension (OR:2.43 [95% CI:2.19-2.80]) and diabetes (OR:2.84 [95% CI:2.16-3.74]) in women with obesity compared to women without obesity.
Conclusion: We provided the evidence on sex-related disparities in obesity prevalence and increased risk of obesity-related cardiometabolic diseases in women in LMICs. Call for global and local actions on obesity prevention and treatment in women in LMICs is urgently needed.
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Endocrine Abstracts
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