ECE2021 Audio Eposter Presentations Late Breaking (114 abstracts)
Ethnicity and its influence on post-oral glucose tolerance test glucagon-like peptide-1 responses
Shiau Chin Chong 1 , Norlela Sukor 1 , Sarah Anne Robert 2 , Kim Fong Ng 3 & Nor Azmi Kamaruddin 1
1The National University of Malaysia Medical Centre, Endocrinology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 2The National University of Malaysia Medical Centre, Pharmacy, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 3Hospital Sultanah Aminah Johor Bahru, Cardiology, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
Introduction
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) plays an important role in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Results from some studies on post-OGTT GLP-1 responses involving East Asians with abnormal glucose tolerance states tend to differ from the West. This may be attributed to the different diabetic phenotypes found in East Asians.
Aim
To examine post-OGTT GLP-1 responses in subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and T2DM among three major ethnic groups in Malaysia.
Methods
A total of 120 Malaysians consisting of Malays (n = 41), Chinese (n = 43) and Indians (n = 36), were categorised based on their glucose tolerance states following a 75g OGTT. There were 58 NGT and 62 T2DM subjects. Plasma total GLP-1 concentrations were measured at 0, 30 and 120 minutes during OGTT.
Results
Overall, T2DM had higher GLP-1 responses to OGTT compared to NGT. GLP-1 levels were positively correlated with insulin levels and HOMA-IR. Among NGT, Malays had lower post-OGTT GLP-1 levels than Chinese and Indians whereas Chinese and Indians had comparable GLP-1 levels. Among T2DM, Malays appeared to exhibit higher GLP-1 levels at 30 minutes post OGTT than Chinese and Indians. There was a significant ethnic difference in incremental GLP-1 levels at 120 minutes in T2DM group (P = 0.024), where the levels were higher in Malays than in Chinese and Indians. Indians were the most insulin resistant while Malays were the most insulin sensitive.
| NGT (n = 58) | T2DM (n = 62) | |||||
| Malays (n = 19) |
Chinese (n = 20) |
Indians (n = 19) |
Malays (n = 22) |
Chinese (n = 23) |
Indians (n = 17) |
|
| Fasting GLP-1 (pmol/l) |
13.32 (9.47, 16.32) |
12.99 (10.34, 19.28) |
17.28 (11.83, 26.82) |
19.97 c * (14.68, 26.88) |
28.89 (24.06, 35.42) |
26.03 (20.95, 37.84) |
| GLP-130min (pmol/l) |
22.87 * ⁏ (15.41, 28.39) |
26.85 (20.84, 38.47) |
26.58 (20.75, 49.28) |
51.15 (29.66, 68) | 48.25 (40.89, 55.82) |
48.77 (39.2, 70.71) |
| GLP-1120min (pmol/l) |
17.54 (13.22, 22.79) |
21.19 (16.54, 27.03) | 21.98 (19, 32.91) |
26.43 (17.4, 33.15) |
21.81 (16.53, 31.19) |
29.18 (19.55, 51.83) |
| ΔGLP-130min | 8.71 ⁏ (3.19, 12.63) | 11.86 (8.22, 19.3) | 10.56 (6.19, 20.23) | 24.66 (10.75, 34.15) |
18.66 (9.44, 26.98) | 23.8 (10.56, 3 3.32) |
| ΔGLP-1120min | 2.62 (-2.78, 11.99) |
8.17 (1.92, 17.52) | 5.38 (-1.32, 11.29) |
1.66 ⁏ (-4.3, 11.74) |
-6.62 (-10.57, 0.52) |
-1.13 (-6.93, 7.21) |
Data are expressed as median (interquartile range). * P < 0.05 versus Indians, l P<0.05 versus Chinese. ∆GLP-1, incremental GLP-1.
Conclusions
Insulin resistance was associated with compensatory increased GLP-1 secretion in T2DM. Malays with NGT had lower post-OGTT GLP-1 responses. In contrast, Malays with T2DM had higher GLP-1 responses compared to Chinese and Indians to compensate for their prevailing insulin sensitivity.
Comparisons of post-OGTT GLP-1 responses by ethnicity and glucose tolerance states.
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