Endocrine Abstracts

Objective

To study the possible relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the metabolic syndrome.

Material and methods:

Retrospective observational study of patients evaluated in a prebariatric surgery consultation between November 2017 and November 2019, who were given a questionnaire of adherence to a Mediterranean diet. Anthropometric and analytical parameters related to the metabolic syndrome are evaluated. The statistical study was carried out with the SPSS15 program

Results

Total of 135 patients (60% women) with a mean age of 44.53 ± 13.03 years. Average weight of 124.00 ± 25.84 kg and BMI of 43.68 ± 7.28 kg/m². When carrying out the adherence questionnaire to the Mediterranean diet, 61% obtained a score of less than 7 points (low adherence). Analytically, mean basal glycemia of 100.98 ± 25.59 mg/dl, HbA1c of 5.99 ± 0.99%, HOMA index of 5.99 ± 4.63, insulinemia of 25.97 ± 15.85 mg/dl. dl, total cholesterol 187.84 ± 36.58 mg/dl, HDL 47.78 ± 9.79 mg/dl, LDL 114.6 ± 30.15 mg/dl and triglycerides 164.88 ± 128.09 mg/dl. They had 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels of 18.4 ± 7.15 and C-reactive protein of 12.56 ± 23.05. When performing the Student’s T test for independent samples, we found that the group with low adherence presented statistically significant differences (–10.16 ± 4.42 mg/dl, P = 0.02) in the levels of insulinemia; without differences in the rest of the variables analyzed.

Conclusion

Good adherence to the Mediterranean diet can contribute to a lower situation of hyperinsulinism, which in turn would lead to a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus, which as we know is a fundamental element of the metabolic syndrome.