Endocrine Abstracts

According to the FIGO (2015) and later WHO (2019) classifications, hyperglycaemia detected for the first time during pregnancy may be associated with Diabetes In Pregnancy (DIP) or Gestational Diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Aim

To specify the frequency and type of newly diagnosed diabetes during pregnancy in the Bulgarian population of women.

Material

We studied 547 pregnant women with a mean age of 30 ± 5 years, through a cross-sectional multicenter population-based study in 84 settlements in Bulgaria.

Methods

A two-hour, 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed in one Central laboratory on the day of the blood sampling. The statistical analysis was performed using standard SPSS 13.0 for Windows.

Results

Hyperglycaemia was observed in 14.4% (79/547) pregnant women after fasting state or in the course of classic OGTT, according to the criteria of WHO’2019, FIGO’2015, NICE’2015. It turned out that the number and frequency of pregnant women with Hyperglycemia in the period up to 24 gestational week (g.w.) is 7.5% (29/386) and increases in the period after 24 g.w. reaching 31% (50/161), P < 0.01. Only 8.9% (7/79) of the pregnant women were newly diagnosed with Diabetes mellitus according to the criteria for the general non-pregnant population, ie. Diabetes in Pregnancy (DIP), while the remaining cases met the criteria for GDM - 91.1%.

Conclusion

As soon as pregnancy occurs, it is necessary to perform OGTT to detect undiagnosed Diabetes mellitus (DIP). In the case of a negative result, OGTT is repeated in 24–28 g.w, when the risk of GDM increases.