Endocrine Abstracts

BackgroundDiabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is one of the most serious complications of diabetes. It is characterised by the triad of hyperglycemia (blood sugar >250 mg/dl), ketosis and metabolic acidosis (arterial pH CaseA 22-year-old female patient appl...

The thyroid gland functions in supplying thyroid hormones (TH) to the body periphery, which is enabled by cathepsin-mediated thyroglobulin proteolysis and TH translocation across membranes by the Mct8, Mct10, and Lat2 transporters. Previously, we showed that cathepsin K-deficient mice feature normal thyroid phenotypes which is, in part, due to the functional compensation through cathepsin L upregulation that is independent of the classical hypothalamus–pituitary–thyr...

IntroductionTypical bronchial carcinoids (TBC) are rare well-differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) of the lung whose management can still be very challenging. In fact, the gold-standard treatment for TBC is total resection of the primary tumour; however, in case of metastatic disease adjuvant therapy with the mTOR inhibitor everolimus (eve) might be recommended. Unfortunately, prognosis may be very poor in cases showing moderate response rates to...

Introduction and backgroundAccording to world diabetes-focused organizations (EASD and IDF) the number of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity is increasing tremendously all over the world. The FTO gene (Fat mass and obesity-associated gene) was noticed during GWAS-study at 2007, when it’s multiple polymorphic variants were detected, many of which were associated with obesity and T2DM. Significant differences in allele prevalenc...

Pheochromocytoma (PCC) is a rare tumor that arises from the adrenal medulla, usually presents with headache, sweating and palpitations due to excessive catecholamine release. However, PCC may secrete neuropeptides, hormones and cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6)) resulting in unusual clinical manifestations. A 48-year-old woman with a previous history of type 1 neurofibromatosis (NF1) and hypertension was referred to discarded PCC. Laboratory tests revealed leukocytosis a...

BackgroundDiabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness in working-age adults in developed world. Derangements of ubiquitine-proteasome system and telomere length have been associated with microangiopathy in diabetes. Until now, limited data are available on above markers in diabetic retinopathy in type 1 diabetes (T1D).AimThe aim of this work was to compare serum proteasome concentration and telomer...

ObjectivesAdherence to treatment is one of the most important parameters that affect the success of the treatment in hypothyroidism. We aimed to evaluate the use and adherence to treatment and determine the factors that are related to adherence in patients on levothyroxine therapy.Materials and MethodsPatients older than 18 years old and using levothyroxine for hypothyroidism were recruited. Demographical, so...

IntroductionCarney Complex is a rare syndrome characterized by lentiginosis cutis and/or blue nevi, multiple endocrine neoplasia and non-endocrine tumors (cutaneous, mucosal, mammary or cardiac myxomata, bone osteochondromyxoma, psammomatous melanotic schwannoma, multiple ovarian cysts, multiple mammary ductal adenoma). Most cases are familiar, with autosomal dominant heredity and penetrance close to 100%. It is caused by a variety of mutations that acti...