ECE2021 Oral Communications Oral Communications 9: Endocrine-Related Cancer (6 abstracts)
Reassessment of the diagnostic criteria of insulinoma: A retrospective monocentric cohort study of 72-h fasting trial in 124 patients
Bonnet Fideline 1 , Clara Devingenteuil 2 , Anna Vaczlavik 2 , Laura Bessiene 2 , Christelle Laguillier-Morizot 1 , Guillaume Assié 2 , Helen Mosnier-Pudar 2 , Benoît Terris 3 , Lionel Groussin 2 , Jean Guibourdenche 1 & Jerome Bertherat 2
1Cochin Hospital, Hormonology, France; 2Cochin Hospital, Endocrinology, France; 3Cochin Hospital, Anatomopathology, France
Introduction
Fasting trial remains the gold standard to confirm the diagnosis of insulinoma, based on low blood glucose level concomitant with inadequate high insulin level. However, diagnostic criteria are not consensual. Glycemia and insulin thresholds differ between the different consensus statements : endogenous hyperinsulism diagnosis relies on a glycemia < 3 mmol/l associated with an insulin level > 3 mUI/l in Endocrine Society guidelines (2009) whereas in NANETS 2010 and ENETS 2012 consensus guidelines, diagnosis is based on a glycemia < 2, 2 mmol/l concomitant with an insulin level > 6 mUI/l or > 3 mUI/l, depending on the assays. It has been admitted that the previously used diagnostic insulin level cut-off is challenged by the more specific and sensitive currently routinely used assays.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed fasting trials results from the 124 patients explored in the Endocrinology department of Cochin Hospital from February 2012 to July 2020 to reevaluate insulinoma diagnosis criteria in terms of glycemia, insulin and C-peptide levels. Insulin and C-peptide levels were determined by automated chemiluminescent sandwich immunoassays.
Results
On the 124 patients included, 51 presented an hypoglycemia < 2.5 mmol/l during fasting trial and 19 were diagnosed with insulinoma, histologically proven. In all insulinoma cases, glycemia nadir was < 2.5 mmol/l (min =1.3 mmol/l; max =2.3 mmol/l; median = 1.7 mmol/l) concomitant with an insulin level ranging from 2.6 to 51.7 mUI/l (median = 10.3 mUI/l) and a C-peptide level ranging from 0.22 to 1.58 nmol/l (median = 0.6 nmol/l). The only insulinoma case presenting an insulinemia < 3 mUI/l at the time of hypoglycemia, harbored a concomitant C-peptide level at 1.21 nmol/l. Such a discordance between insulin and C-peptide levels could only be explained by an hemolyzed blood sample, insulin being very sensible to hemolysis. Insulinoma diagnosis criteria based on a glycemia nadir < 2, 5 mmol/l concomitant with an insulin level > 3 mUI/l and a C-peptide level > 0.2 nmol/l, applied to our retrospective cohort, had a sensibility of 95%, a specificity of 97%, a positive predictive value of 86% and a negative predictive value of 99%.
Conclusion
Using current insulin immunoassays, it seems reasonable to make the diagnosis of insulinoma on the occurrence of a glycemia < 2, 5 mmol/l concomitant with a C-peptide level > 0, 2 nmol/l associated with an insulin level > 3 mUI/l on non-hemolyzed blood samples.
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Endocrine Abstracts
ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
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