Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction

Problems with thyroid cancer and its diagnosis are one of the current issues in modern endocrinology. Ultrasound examination detects thyroid nodules in 19-67%of the population, whereas the new classification of thyroid ultrasound examination proposed by the American Association of Thyroidologists – the use of TI-RADS in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer increases the diagnostic accuracy of this test by 91–95%. The aim of our study was to assess the importance of laboratory-instrumental, cytological examination methods and TI-RADS classification in the early diagnosis of patients with thyroid cancer.

Material and methods

In 34 patients with operative treatment at Republican Specialized Scientific Practical Medical Centre Endocrinology and Vitamed Clinic with a diagnosis of thyroid cancer and 10 healthy subjects observed. The blood serum level of TSH, T4, calcitonin, Anti-TPO, Anti-TG, CEA titers were determined. Results of laryngoscopy, scintigraphy, as well as fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), express histology compared. Thyroid ultrasound examination performed according to the traditional and newly proposed TI-RADS classifications.

Results

Thyroid cancer diagnosed in 6.5 times more often in women than in men. The mean age of observed patients were 43 ± 1.2 years. 50%of patients were found to be obese and 13%were found to have a hereditary predisposition to thyroid cancer. The amount of TSH in the blood were in 13.3% (P < 0.05) higher than in healthy subjects. The results of blood biochemistry were not significantly differ from healthy subjects. Whereas diagnosis of thyroid cancer by traditional ultrasound examination were 23%of patients, by before surgery FNAB in 64%, while diagnosis accuracy increased by 80%with TI-RADS classification. Thyroid cancer confirmed by histology after surgery in 100%by using of TI-RADS classification, whereas in 80%in those observed by traditional ultrasound.

Conclusion

The incidence of thyroid cancer was higher in women than in men and affected middle-aged (mean 43-year-olds) patients. Thyroid cancer diagnosis confirmed in 23%cases by conventional ultrasound examination, in 64%by FNABs, and 80%by ultrasound using TI-RADS classification. After surgery histology confirmed diagnosis in 80%by traditional ultrasound and in 100%by using TI-RADS classification and prevented unnecessary thyroidectomy.