Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction

In diabetes, lipid abnormalities are frequent and pronounced and are an important factor in increased cardiovascular risk, especially in type 2 diabetics, mostly in combination with other risk factors. The aim of this work is to highlight the prevalence of dyslipidemia in a considerable population of diabetics in Es-Smara.

Patients and methods

As part of a multidisciplinary medical caravan carried out in the Moroccan desert, a diabetology consultation was conducted for the benefit of diabetic patients in the Es-Smara region. The biological analyzes were carried out in the same laboratory; they included the determination of triglycerides and cholesterol with its HDL and LDL fractions, serum creatinine and glycated hemoglobin.

Outcomes

During 3 days of consultation, we have identified 116 patients with type 2 diabetes, the average age of the patients was 57 years, with a female predominance. Hypertension was noted in 26% of patients. Waist circumference was high in 113 patients (97%) with an estimated mean of 92.7 cm and a female predominance of 77%. Sedentary lifestyle was found in 111 patients (95%). The mean duration of diabetes was 6.4 years, poor glycemic control was observed in 54 patients (46.5%) with an average HbA1c of 8.67%. In our study, 87 patients presented with dyslipidemia (75%). It was dominated by hypertriglyceridemia in 47.4% of cases, LDL hypercholesterolemia represented 31%, HDL hypocholesterolemia 17% and mixed dyslipidemia 39%. Dyslipidemia was more common in women (65%) than in men. We noted a considerable consumption of fenofibrates in 35% of cases.

Discussion/Conclusion

These dyslipidemic diabetics are patients at very high cardiovascular risk with potential damage to target organs. It is therefore incumbent on them to significantly improve their care through an adequate health policy, the aim of which is to improve access to care and extend social coverage. Earlier screening, appropriate and vigorous treatment of the associated cardiovascular risk factors is also required in order to control this dyslipidemia.