Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered as equivalent to cardiovascular disease (CVD), so the intensive control of all risk factors for CVD in patients with DM is recommended. Risk factors for CVD include: dyslipidemia, hypertension, smoking, family history of CVD and albuminuria. In addition to being a sensitive and reliable marker for evaluation of kidney function, research suggests that cystatin C may be a useful predictor for the detection and prediction of CVD. The aim of the study was to investigate the correlation between serum cystatin C and the risk factors for CVD in patients with type 2 DM without kidney disease.

Methods

The cross- sectional study included 90 patients with type 2 DM who were divided in two groups: group I 50 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without kidney disease and 40 patients with diabetes mellitus with kidney disease. Patients with DM did not have presence of CVD (ischemic heart disease, previous myocardial infarction and stroke). Patients without kidney disease were noralbuminuric and have normal glomerular filtration rate calculated using Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation. We examined the correlation between serum cystatin C and risk factors for CVD dyslipidemia, hypertension, smoking, albuminuria, and a family history of CVD.

Results

The analysis showed that group II had more risk factors for CVD. Patients without kidney disease had LDL and triglycerids without reference range for DM, 15 were smokers and positive family history of CVD was found in 7 patients. The mean serum levels of LDL and triglycerides were higher in group II (LDL 3.34 ± 1.09 vs. 2.78 ± 1.15, P < 0.05, triglycerides 2.26 ± 1.22 vs. 2.11 ± 1.09, P > 0.05). In group I, cystatin C values showed a statistically significant direct correlation with serum triglycerides (r = 0.42, P < 0.05) and and systolic blood pressure (r = 0.33, P < 0.05) and inverse correlation with serum HDL cholesterol level. In group II cystatin C also showed significant correlation with triglycerides (r = 0.36, P < 0.05), inverse correlation with serum HDL (r = –0.40, P < 0.05).

Conclusion

The study showed correlation between cystatin C and CV risk factors as lipid parameters and systolic blood pressure in patients with type 2 DM without kidney disease.

Key words: diabetes mellitus, cystatin C, cardiovascular disease, kidney function