Endocrine Abstracts

Objective: There is a risk of malignancy in 5–10 percent of all thyroid nodules. The most common type of thyroid cancer is papillary thyroid cancer (PTC).There are some risk factors has been found in differentiated thyroid cancers like high iodine intake. However, in people with severe or moderate iodine nutritional deficiency (<75 µg/day),an increased risk of thyroid cancer was found 2.6 times higher than those with optimal iodine nutrition (150–299 µg/day) in a research. In another one, PTC was found related relatively low or excessive iodine intakes in an adequate area of iodine. In our study we aimed to find daily iodine consumption amounts in patients with nodular goitre (NG) and PTC. We searched the frequency of consumption of iodine-rich foods and goitrogen foods. Anthropometric measurements, some blood values and the properties of nodules on ultrasonography were also investigated and compared the in these two groups.

Material and method: The study was designed on the basis of patients with 64 benign NG group and 50 malignant PTC group according to the result of the fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of the thyroid nodules whose applied to Endocrinology Outpatient Clinic of a private medical center in Istanbul between October 2015 and November 2019. The data of the research taken by demographic and daily food consumption questionnaire (FFQ). Daily consumption of iodine from the FFQ questionnaire calculated with the Nutrition Information System (BEBIS-BESLENME BİLGİ SİSTEMİ) version 8.2 developed for Turkey. Iodized salt amount using with meals calculated from demographic questionnaire has also been added the total iodine consumption in the survey. Results are evaluated according to WHO criteria. TSH, TPOAb, TgAb, fasting glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol were examined in the participants. In addition, the number and properties of nodules were examined with ultrasonography and anthropometric measurements were taken

Results: At the end of the study, daily iodine consumption in the PTC group were significantly higher than the benign group. TSH, TgAb and TPOAb were higher in PTC groups, while total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol were significantly higher in the benign group. The foods like shellfish, eggs and cheese, rich in iodine, are consumed significantly more in the benign group.

In conclusion, we can say that excess iodine taken is associated with papillary thyroid cancer,but not with iodine-rich food consumption. However large number case studies would give us to chance reveal more precise results about the potential relationship PTC with higher iodine intakes.