Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: COVID 19 is now a global pandemic. Diabetes is postulated to be a risk factor for mortality due to COVID –19

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the inpatient medical record data, of patients admitted over last two months in a public hospital in Central India to compare the attributes of mortality in patients without T2DM and with T2DM including their glycemic clinical characteristics. Unpaired t – test and Fisher’s exact test was utilised for statistical analysis

Results: We analysed a total of 350 COVID –19 patients (204 males, 146 female). The mean age of cohort was 34 years (± s.d. 18, 95% CI 32 to 36). There were 25 (7.14 %) patients with T2DM (13 males) and 325 (92.8 %) patients did not have T2DM (noT2DM). Mean age in T2DM was 54 years (± s.d. 12, 95% CI 49 to 59, min 23, max 73) and in noT2DM was 32 years (± s.d. 18, 95% CI 30 to 34, min 0.1, max 84); P < 0.0001. Of seven patients who expired, two had T2DM (both males), two had both hypertension with TDM and one had only hypertension. Overall mortality was 2% (7/350), 8 % (2/25) was reported in T2DM which was higher than in the noT2DM 1.5% (5/325). The relative risk of mortality in T2DM as compared to noT2DM was 0.93 (95% CI 0.76 to 0.99), P = 0.082 (NS). The mean days of illness to mortality was 4.5 days in T2DM as compared to 5.5 days in the NoT2DM group. Among, the two T2DM patients who expired, one presented with severe acute respiratory illness and other with history of contact. Mean Random Blood Sugar (RBS) at the time of admission in T2DM was 183 mg/dl (± s.d. 71, 95% CI 154 to 212, min 78, max 296). The mean RBS in patients who expired was 255 mg/dl, with 72 mg/dl higher than the overall T2DM group. One T2DM who expired had ketoacidosis.

Conclusions: Our results are in line with the emerging global data that postulate that the mortality rates would be much lower than what was documented in the earlier studies. However, patients with T2DM and elderly are at higher risk for death. It is imperative in T2DM to achieve good glycemic control to mitigate the complication of mortality due to COVID 19