Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: PCOS is the most common endocrinopathy in adolescents and young women. Insulin–resistance and hyperinsulinism are its primary mechanisms, which explains the frequency of its association with type 2 diabetes. But not many studies have been interested in the association between PCOS and type 1 diabetes.

Patients and Methods: Two type 1 diabetes patients have been included in this study, aged respectively 17 and 16. The first patient had been treated by human insulin, whereas the second patient had been treated with analogues of insulin. The duration of the diabetes was of 5 and 15 years respectively and was uncomplicated in both patients. Both patients had menstrual irregularities such as spaniomenorrhea and secondary amenorrhea. Upon clinical examination, the first patient had grade 1 obesity and the other patient was slightly over weigh twith an android fat distribution. Both patients have been diagnosed with PCOS, based on Rotterdam criteria including signs of hyperandrogenism such as acne, seborrhea and a mild hirsutism, a hypertestosteronemia and polycystic ovaries on ultrasonography, after having eliminated the differential diagnosis. The therapeutic approach for both patients was dietary adjustment and a progestogen.

Discussion and conclusion: in type 1 diabetes mellitus, the prevalence of pcos is 24 to 33%. but this disease remain sunder–diagnosed. the physiopathological mechanism of this association has not been fully understood. the exogenous hyperinsulism by insulin overdose has been incriminated, which is probably the case for our two patients. the risks linked to type 1 diabetes such as neoplasic diseases, reproductive difficulties, metabolic and cardiovascular repercussions are increased by pcos. nowadays, in the absence of clea rrecommendations for the treatment of pcos in type 1 diabetes, the therapeutic approachre mains poorly codified.