Endocrine Abstracts

Adipokine omentin is a connecting link between obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. It modulates insulin sensitivity of peripheral tissues and its secretion may change in the developed inflammation of adipose tissue at its excessive accumulation. Chemokine fractalkine is a marker of the development of inflammatory processes in the body. Objective: omentin and fractalkine contents in blood circulation depending on the degree if adipose tissue accumulation, waist circumference, blood insulin level and HOMA–IR in representatives of Ukrainian population.

Materials and methods: 250 individuals aged (65.48 ± 11.86) years were examined, their waist circumferences were measured, adipose tissue mass was assessed by bio impedance method, including relatively to the total body mass; by immune enzyme method contents of insulin, fractalkine and omentin in circulation were determined; HOMA-IR index was determined.

Results: It was revealed that blood fractalkine and omentin levels show negative correlation between them (r = –0.863, P < 0.001). Blood fractalkine level correlates positively with adipose mass of the body (r = 0.5341, (P < 0.001)); waist circumference – (r = 0.4542, (P < 0.001); insulinemia and HOMA–IP levels: (r = 0.7798, (P < 0.001) and r = 0.745, (P < 0.001)). Blood fractalkine level (ng/ml) = [407.478 + 57.1702 × HOMA-IR + 2.2580 × waist circumference]; R₂ = 0.626; F = 273.85; P < 0.00001). Omentin level correlates negatively with adipose body mass (r = –0.609, (P < 0.001)); waist circumference – (r = –0.397, (P < 0.001); insulinemia and HOMA–IR levels: (r = –0.799, (P < 0.001) and r = –0.7706, (P <0.001)). Blood omentin level (ng/ml) = [618.3103 – 25.6928 × HOMA–IR – 2.9962 × adipose tissue mass / total body mass]; (R₂ = 0.676; F = 339.89; P < 0.00001). It was proved that accumulation of adipose mass more than 25 % of the total body mass determines growth of fractalkine level up to 750 ng/ml and over; HOMA-IR > 2.77, decreased level of omentin to 500 ng/ml and less. Contents of adipose tissue more than 34 % of total body mass determine increased fractalkine levels up to 900 ng/m. and more; HOMA–IR > 4.00, decreased level of omenton to 400 ng/ml and lower.

Conclusion: Important role of fractalkine and omentin in pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus in obesity was proved. The correlation was established between the adipose tissue accumulation, changes in its endocrine function, development of inflammatory processes in the body, abdominal obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus onset.