Endocrine Abstracts

The defeat of the metabolic syndrome (MS) of young people with the development of severe vascular and diabetic complications determines the relevance of its study for the purpose of early diagnosis. Changes in blood at the preclinical stage of MS are reversible, while the main pathogenetic factors of MS are insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. The aim of the study was to assess the role of biochemical parameters in the pathogenesis of MS.

Materials and methods: 50 MS patients and 35 healthy volunteers were examined. The glucose level was determined by the glucose oxidant method, the lipid profile was evaluated using standard test systems. Insulin levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a DRG test system. The method of chemiluminescence (CL) of neutrophils (NG) determined the time to reach the maximum (Tmax), maximum intensity (Imax) and the area (Smax) under the curve in the spontaneous and induced state. Statistical data processing was carried out using Statistica for Windows 8.0 application software packages with determination of median (Me) and interquartile range (C25-C75). The statistical significance of the differences was determined using the Mann – Whitney rank test P < 0.05.

Results: In patients with MS, an increase in insulin and glucose levels was detected in the blood compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Insulin resistance was evaluated by HOMA, in patients with MS revealed a two-fold increase (P < 0.05). In most patients with MS, the level of triglycerides was within normal limits, only 40% of patients showed an increase in total cholesterol (P < 0.05), in 100% of patients increased unesterified fatty acids (NEFA) (P < 0.05). NG CL values were increased: Tmax, Imax, Smax, which indicates the activation of free radical oxidation of blood cells in MS (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: In patients with MS, a violation of tissue resistance to insulin was detected, which requires constant monitoring of glucose in the blood. Of the lipid profile, the most significant indicator is an increase in NEFA, which leads to a decrease in hepatocyte binding of insulin and the development of peripheral insulin resistance. An increase in free radical oxidation enhances oxidative stress in MS.