Endocrine Abstracts

Aim: In our study; we aimed to evaluate the relationship between Ankle-brachial index (ABI) values and diabetes duration, and macrovascular complications in patients with DM with demographic data, anthropometric measurements, as well as clinical and laboratory data.

Materials and methods: Our study is a cross-sectional study of 226 randomly selected DM patients who were admitted to the diabetes outpatient clinic of our hospital between April 2019 and October 2019. All patients’ data, such as age, sex, height, weight, waist and hip circumference, wrist and ankle circumference, family history, DM duration, chronic disease history, claudication, neuropathy, diabetic foot ulcer history, as well as routine blood and urine examinations at control were recorded. In addition, ABI was also measured in patients. Patients with ABI values of ≤ 0.90 were classified as PAD-positive, and those with > 0.90 were classified as PAD-negative. The data, measurements and metabolic parameters we obtained, were evaluated to determine whether they are risk factors for ABI value, their association with ABI value, and differences according to ABI value.

Results: A total of 226 patients (138 female, 88 male) with a mean age of 52.8 ± 10.3 years were included in the study. ABI was positive in 29.2% of the patients. There was no significant difference in ABI value between age, sex, family history, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and duration of diabetes. A significant correlation was found between ABI and coronary artery disease (P = 0.004), diabetic foot ulcer (P = 0.000), smoking (P = 0.000) and wrist circumference (P = 0.026). No significant correlation was found between ABI value and glycylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), low density lipopretein (LDL) cholesterol, triglyceride, non-high density lipoprotein (non-HDL) cholesterol levels and atherogenic index. Logistic regression analysis revealed that diabetic foot, coronary artery disease, BMI, duration of diabetes and HbA1c had a negative impact on ABI.

Conclusion: In our study, we obtained positive ABI values consistent with PAD in 29.2% of patients, suggesting that each patient with DM should be evaluated for PAD. Among patients with diabetes, those with a history of diabetic foot ulcers and/or cardiovascular disease, obesity, long duration of diabetes and patients with increased HbA1c levels under treatment, are considered as priority groups for peripheral arterial disease.

Keywords: peripheral artery disease, diabetes mellitus, ankle-brachial index.