Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Hypertension (HTA) is a common condition in patients with type 2 diabetes and is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular disease. Optimal control is the major goal of clinicians to reduce cardiovascular risk. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of blood pressure goals in hypertensive diabetic patients.

Methods: Retrospective descriptive study including 588 diabetic patients hospitalized in the endocrinology department of Casablanca Ibn Rochd Hospital between January 2016 and May 2018. Hypertensive patients considered balanced according to the recommendations of the American Diabetes Association (ADA 2018): a goal blood pressure <140/90 mmHg in the majority of patients and <130/80 in patients with very high cardiovascular risk. The variables studied were the characteristics of diabetes and arterial hypertension, treatment administered and the measurement of blood pressure. Statistical analyzes were performed by SPSS 25.

Results: 588 hypertensive diabetic patients with female predominance (75% of cases). Average age was 62.8 years old. HTA was 53% systolic-diastolic, 74.2% Grade 1 and 31% grade 2, with mean systolic blood pressure ranging from 140-160 mmHg and mean diastolic pressure between 70 and 110 mmHg. 42.8% of hypertensive patients were treated with monotherapy (ACEI or AIIRA), 37% with dual therapy (ACE + diuretic or ACE inhibitor + calcium channel blocker or AIIRA + diuretic/calcium channel blocker), only 8% were on triple therapy. 67% of patients treated achieved their blood pressure goal, and 39% of patients did not reach their blood pressure goal. The etiologies of the not controled blood pressure were the poor therapeutic observance observed in 38% of elderly patients with polypathologies, in 20% of cases because of the extra cost of treatment, in 54% of cases because of poor compliance.