ECE2019 Guided Posters Diabetes: Late Complications (11 abstracts)
1Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus; 2Republican Scientific and Practical Center Cardiology, Minsk, Belarus; 3Institute of Genetics and Cytology of the National Academy of Sciences, Minsk, Belarus.
It is known that presence of certain genetic polymorphism plays important role in development of chronic complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Aim: To analyze distribution of VEGF G/C polymorphisms and PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphisms in patients with T2D and IHD.
Materials and methods: The following groups of studies were formed: 1 24 almost healthy people; 2 28 patients with prediabetes; 3 37 patients with T2D; 4 35 patients with T2D and IHD. Genetic study included qualitative in vitro detection of two alleles of VEGF (G/C) and PAI-1 (4G/5G) genes by polymerase chain reaction.
Results: Genotype G/C of the VEGF gene was associated with IHD in patients with T2D and was revealed in 26 out of 35 patients in group 4, which was 74.3%, compared to group of patients with T2D without accompanying IHD, where the heterozygous variant was registered in 4 out of 37 patients (10.8%) (F=0.1, P=0.001). C/C genotype was not registered in patients with IHD (0%), and was found in 15 patients without IHD (16.9%). When studying the genotype distribution of the PAI-1 gene, taking into account the presence or absence of IHD, it was found that the presence of the 5G/5G genotype of the PAI-1 gene is the most typical for patients with type 2 diabetes in combination with IHD. This genotype was registered in 16 out of 35 patients with IHD, which was 46.7%, and in 5 out of 37 patients with DM2 without IHD (11.1%) (χ2=9.1, P=0.003). Based on the genotyping results, it was determined that the allele 4 is associated with the absence of IHD (χ2=11.0, P=0.001). This allele was registered in 48 cases in the absence of IHD and in 26 cases in the presence of IHD, allele 5 was registered in 26 cases in the absence of IHD and in 44 cases in the presence of disease.
Conclusion: Genotype G/G of VEGF gene is associated with reduced risk of IHD development (P=0.024) and absence of progression of renal dysfunction in case of type 2 diabetes (P=0.002). The 5G/5G genotype of the PAI-1 gene is associated with the development of IHD in patients with type 2 diabetes (P=0.003). The 4G allele is associated with the absence of IHD (P=0.001).