Endocrine Abstracts

Background: There are about 50% of people living with undiagnosed diabetes worldwide. Moreover, by the time of diabetes diagnosis, chronic disabling complications are already present.

Aim: To assess level of A1c by the time of type 2 diabetes diagnosis.

Material and methods: We analyzed results of type 2 diabetes screening in three regions of the Republic of Uzbekistan among 2521 people aged 35 or older without known carbohydrates metabolism disorders. A1c was tested using method of immune precipitation with anti-human and anti-mouse A1c antibodies (Human), oral glucose tolerance test was performed with 75 g glucose. Diabetes was diagnosed according to IDF recommendations.

Results: Average fasting glycemia in people with newly diagnosed diabetes was 9.6±0.3 mmol/l (P<0.001 comparing to people without carbohydrate metabolism disorders), average 2h post-load glycemia was 13.7±0.5 mmol/l (P<0.001). Average A1c level was 9.4±0.24% (P<0.001). 49% of people with newly diagnosed diabetes had A1c level ≥9%, and 33% had A1c ≥10%.

Conclusion: By the time of type 2 diabetes diagnosis, average A1c level is very high, and almost in half of patients demand as a minimum double (16%) or triple (33%) combination therapy (according to international algorithms), including injectable medicines. Informational campaign in population about first clinical symptoms and signs of diabetes is essential as well as regular screening in high diabetes risk groups.