Endocrine Abstracts

It is known that presence of certain genetic polymorphism plays important role in development of chronic complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Aim: To analyze distribution of VEGF G/C polymorphisms and PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphisms in patients with T2D and IHD.

Materials and methods: The following groups of studies were formed: 1 – 24 almost healthy people; 2 – 28 patients with prediabetes; 3 – 37 patients with T2D; 4 – 35 patients with T2D and IHD. Genetic study included qualitative in vitro detection of two alleles of VEGF (G/C) and PAI-1 (4G/5G) genes by polymerase chain reaction.

Results: Genotype G/C of the VEGF gene was associated with IHD in patients with T2D and was revealed in 26 out of 35 patients in group 4, which was 74.3%, compared to group of patients with T2D without accompanying IHD, where the heterozygous variant was registered in 4 out of 37 patients (10.8%) (F=0.1, P=0.001). C/C genotype was not registered in patients with IHD (0%), and was found in 15 patients without IHD (16.9%). When studying the genotype distribution of the PAI-1 gene, taking into account the presence or absence of IHD, it was found that the presence of the 5G/5G genotype of the PAI-1 gene is the most typical for patients with type 2 diabetes in combination with IHD. This genotype was registered in 16 out of 35 patients with IHD, which was 46.7%, and in 5 out of 37 patients with DM2 without IHD (11.1%) (χ²=9.1, P=0.003). Based on the genotyping results, it was determined that the allele 4 is associated with the absence of IHD (χ²=11.0, P=0.001). This allele was registered in 48 cases in the absence of IHD and in 26 cases in the presence of IHD, allele 5 was registered in 26 cases in the absence of IHD and in 44 cases in the presence of disease.

Conclusion: Genotype G/G of VEGF gene is associated with reduced risk of IHD development (P=0.024) and absence of progression of renal dysfunction in case of type 2 diabetes (P=0.002). The 5G/5G genotype of the PAI-1 gene is associated with the development of IHD in patients with type 2 diabetes (P=0.003). The 4G allele is associated with the absence of IHD (P=0.001).