SFEBES2018 Poster Presentations Diabetes & cardiovascular (27 abstracts)
Glucose regulates miR-184 via AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in pancreatic β-cells
Grazia Pizza 1 , Marie-Sophie Nguyen-Tu 1 , Ines Cebola 2 , Arash Yavari 3 , Piero Marchetti 4 , Lorenzo Piemonti 5, , Eelco De Koning 7 , AM James Shapiro 8 , Paul Johnson 9 , Kei Sakamoto 10 , David M Smith 11 , Isabelle Leclerc 1 , Houman Ashrafian 3 , Jorge Ferrer 2 & Aida Martinez-Sanchez 1
1Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK; 2Beta Cell Genome Regulation Laboratory, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK; 3Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; 4Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; 5Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; 6San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute (SR-DRI), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; 7Hubrecht Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands; 8Clinical Islet Laboratory and Clinical Islet Transplant Program, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada; 9Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; 10Nestle Institute of Health Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland; 11Astrazeneca, Cambridge, UK.
Introduction: Pancreatic β-cells control glucose homeostasis by secreting insulin in response to high glucose. MiRNAs regulate β-cell function and contribute to β-cell failure in type 2 diabetes. MiR-184 regulates β-cell compensatory expansion during pregnancy and obesity and its expression is reduced by glucose through unknown mechanisms. AMPK is a suggested target of antidiabetic drugs and an important energy sensor. Its β-cell-selective inactivation (βAMPKdKO) impairs β-cell identity, insulin secretion and dysregulates several miRNAs, including miR-184. We hypothesize that AMPK mediates glucose-dependent regulation of miR-184 and aim to identify the underlying mechanisms.
Methods: Control and transgenic animals were fed a chow or a ketogenic (low sugar) diet for 28 days. MiR-184 was measured by RT-qPCR in mouse and human islets. ATAC-seq and ChIP-qPCR with an anti-CTCF antibody were performed in isolated mouse islets.
Results: MiR-184 expression is decreased in mouse and male human islets cultured for 48h at high glucose concentration and its expression increases in human islets treated with AMPK activators. Islets isolated from mice fed a ketogenic diet present higher levels of miR-184. This effect is not observed when AMPK or its main upstream kinase LKB1 (βLKB1KO) is deleted. MiR-184 primary transcript is reduced in βAMPKdKO islets suggesting that AMPK regulates miR-184 transcription. ATAC-seq data identifies increased chromatin accessibility in two regions upstream MIR184 in βLKB1KO islets. According to ChIP-qPCR data CTCF bind the most proximal region.
Conclusion: AMPK mediates glucose-dependent down-regulation of miR-184 in vitro and in vivo possibly contributing to the deleterious effect of hyperglycaemia during diabetes. Our data suggest that AMPK might regulate miR-184 transcription by limiting CTCF binding to MIR184. We aim to validate our hypothesis and understand the role of AMPK in the regulation of CTCF activity and its implications in energy homeostasis and diabetes.
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Endocrine Abstracts
ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
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