Endocrine Abstracts

Aim: To investigate the effect of the standard dietary recommendations in diabetes mellitus type 2 to the intensity of metabolic processes due to different variants of polymorphism rs1801282 Pro12Ala of the PPARG gene.

Materials and methods: 37 patients (11 men and 26 women) in the age of 38–76 years old (the mean age 56.8±9.55 y.o.), with the verified diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type 2 (the mean duration of illness 5.7±3.59 years) and the mean BMI 34.49±4.37 were involved in the study. All the patients were on a 3-month balanced diet, where the simple carbs were excluded and the complex carbs were limited. For the estimation of the body compositions the bioelectrical impedance analysis (BMI) was used. The analysis of the rs1801282 Pro12Ala polymorphism of the PPARG gene in buccal cells was performed using Testgen kits (Russia) for RT-PCR. The spreading of the genotypes and the alleles with the literature data (503 people without diabetes mellitus and prediabetes; European population, 1000 genomes) were compared. The statistical analysis was performed by Graph Pad InStat, Microsoft Excel 2007.

Results: The distribution of the frequency of alleles and genotypes did not correspond to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (χ²=8.61; P=0.003), apparently because of a low investigated selection of the polymorphism rs1801282 of a PPARG gene. The distribution of genotypes of the PPARG gene polymorphism (CC – 59.5%, CG – 21.6% GG – 18.9%) and alleles (C – 70% G – 30%) in the group of patients with diabetes mellitus significantly differed from the control group (CC – 76.9%, CG – 22.1%, GG – 1%; C – 88%, G – 12%; OR=3.09, 95% CI 1.82–5.28; P=0.0001). In the group of patients with the mutant allele G the increase of the comparative quantity of body cell mass was noticed (−0.92±5.20%) in comparison with the group of patients without the mutant allele (2.72±6.87%; P=0.05), in time of the absence of the BMI significant changes (P>0.05).

Conclusions: Polymorphism rs1801282 of the PPARG gene has an association with the intensity of the metabolic processes. Thereby, a special meaning has to be due to the personification of not only the medical, but the dietary correction of the carbohydrate metabolism.

Keywords: PPARG, polymorphism, diet, diabetes mellitus type 2