Type 1 diabetes is associated with a differential pattern of carotid atherosclerotic plaque types

Esmeralda Castelblanco; Anna Ramirez-Morros; Marta Hernandez; Minerva Granado; Angels Betriu; Manel Puig-Domingo; Nuria Alonso; Didac Mauricio

doi:10.1530/endoabs.56.P449

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Endocrine Abstracts (2018) 56 P449 | DOI: 10.1530/endoabs.56.P449

ECE2018 Poster Presentations: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Diabetes complications (72 abstracts)

Type 1 diabetes is associated with a differential pattern of carotid atherosclerotic plaque types

Esmeralda Castelblanco ^1, , Anna Ramírez-Morros ¹ , Marta Hernandez ^3, , Minerva Granado ^1, , Angels Betriu ⁴ , Manel Puig-Domingo ^1, , Nuria Alonso ^1, & Didac Mauricio ^1,

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¹Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital & Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias y Pujol, Badalona, Spain; ²Centro de Investigación Biomédica sobre Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain; ³Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain; ⁴Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, Lleida, Spain; ⁵Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, Lleida, Spain.

Introduction: The presence and type of atherosclerotic plaque is associated with future cardiovascular events (CVE). We previously described that increased frequency of plaques is associated with specific features in type 1 diabetes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the characteristics of atherosclerotic plaques in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D).

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 174 subjects with carotid atherosclerotic plaques (46.6% women; mean age 53.6±9.6 years; 107 with T1D, 61.5%) with normal renal function, and without history of CVE. All patients underwent: 1) carotid ultrasound (mode B) to assess the type of plaque, 2) collection of clinical variables.

Results: There was a differential pattern of atherosclerotic plaque types in patients with T1D compared with non-diabetic controls (P=0.001): hypoechoic 48.6% vs. 73.1%; hyperechoic 25.2% vs. 7.5%; hypoechoic/hyperechoic 16.8% vs. 17.9%, and calcified with or without other plaque types 9.4% vs. 1.5%, respectively. In addition, hyperechoic plaques were more frequent in T1D compared to non-diabetic controls (49.5% vs. 26.9% P=0.005). In the multivariate analysis, the risk of having a hyperechoic plaque was higher in T1D subjects (OR 2.64; P=0.008), and lower the higher the creatinine value (OR 0.04, P=0.029), and also in female subjects (OR 0.33, P=0.019). There was a significant interaction between sex and age, with age being a risk factor only in men (OR=1.12, P<0.001).

Conclusions: Patients with T1D show a differential pattern of atherosclerotic plaque type, with a higher frequency of hyperechoic and calcified plaques than in non-diabetic subjects.